Glycolic Acid Peel for the Face

Abstract

Glycolic acid (GA) is the most commonly used hydroxy acid peeling agent. Advantages of GA peels include minimal downtime, minimal risk, and minimal discomfort. They range from very superficial to medium-depth and require neutralization. GA peels are safe and effective in a variety of skin types, with indications such as photoaging, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation (PIH), actinic keratosis, wrinkles, melasma, active acne, and acne scars. To reduce the risk of PIH and to increase peel efficacy, priming the skin with topical retinoids, hydroquinone, or non-hydroquinone cosmeceuticals is beneficial. A higher concentration of GA confers a more acidic pH and will provide a deeper peel. GA peels do not exhibit frosting as a true endpoint. Duration of contact with the skin (time from application to neutralization) affects peel depth. Monitor time, erythema, and degree of patient discomfort to assess endpoint. A test spot in patients with skin of color is recommended.