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Style and Media Make-Up of Digital Literature

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Politics and Digital Literature in the Middle East
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Abstract

Digital literary text comes in many forms. Visual aesthetics in expression influence written and spoken words. This chapter looks at questions of layout and the use of multimedia elements. I will analyse the visual setup of online short stories, literary works on blogsĀ and websites as well as on YouTube.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Christopher Funkhouser , ā€œDigital Poetry: A Look at Generative, Visual, and Interconnected Possibilities in its First Four Decadesā€, in Ray Siemens and Susan Schreibman (eds.), Companion to Digital Literary Studies, Oxford 2008, http://www.digitalhumanities.org/companion/view?docId=blackwell/9781405148641/9781405148641.xml&chunk.id=ss1-5-11&toc.depth=1&toc.id=ss1-5-11&brand=9781405148641_brand, last accessed January 27, 2012.

  2. 2.

    One example of such awards is the German ā€œPegasusā€ prize, awarded to Dirk GĆ¼nther and Frank Klƶtgen for ā€œDie Aaleskorte der Ɩligā€ (1998 by the German weekly newspaper ā€œZeitā€, IBM, and a state-owned television channel (ARD). More information on the artwork as well as the prize can be found on the website http://www.aaleskorte.de/, last accessed December 26, 2011.

  3. 3.

    Roberto Simanowski , Interfictions, Frankfurt am Main 2002, p. 18.

  4. 4.

    Nicole Mahne , Mediale Bedingungen des ErzƤhlens im digitalen Raum, Frankfurt am Main 2006, p. 43.

  5. 5.

    David Crystal , Language and the Internet, Cambridge 2001, p. 35.

  6. 6.

    Carolyn R. Miller and Dawn Shepherd , Blogging as Social Action: A Genre Analysis of the Weblog, 2004, http://blog.lib.umn.edu/blogosphere/blogging_as_social_action_a_genre_analysis_of_the_weblog.html, last accessed December 26, 2011.

  7. 7.

    ŁƒŁŠŁ Ł‚ŲŖŁ„ŲŖ ŲŸ/Ų§Ł„Ł‚ŲµŲ© Ų§Ł„ŁƒŲ§Ł…Ł„Ų© Ł„Ł„ŁŲŖŲ§Ų© Ų§Ł„Ų§Ł…Ų§Ų±ŲŖŁŠŲ© Ų§Ł„ŲŖŁ‰ Ų¹Ų«Ų± Ų¹Ł„ŁŠŁ‡Ų§ ŁŁŠ ŲØŲ¦Ų± Ł…Ł‚ŲŖŁˆŁ„Ų© forum.uaewomen.net/showthread.php?t=476260, last accessed January 30, 2012.

  8. 8.

    The story is also part of the analysis of participatory culture in Chap. 2.

  9. 9.

    A photobucket is a website that offers image hosting. Pictures can be stored and shared on this website.

  10. 10.

    http://www.adbuae.com/vb/archive/index.php/t-4491.html, January 2, 2012.

  11. 11.

    Rebecca L. Torstrick and Elizabeth Faier (eds.), Culture and Customs of the Arab Gulf States, Westport 2009, p. 46.

  12. 12.

    This term is explained in the chapter that deals with participatory culture.

  13. 13.

    http://al-zain.blogspot.com/, last accessed December 26, 2011.

  14. 14.

    Followers in social media such as blogs and Twitter are other users who subscribe to the cultural product offered by one user.

  15. 15.

    A list of links to other blogs that she supports to be read.

  16. 16.

    A widget counts the number of visitors to websites.

  17. 17.

    A live traffic feed shows the number of users visiting the website from different locations in real time.

  18. 18.

    Radarurl is another tool that measures the number of visitors to a website.

  19. 19.

    Mixpod is a tool that allows users to create their own mixed tapes and embed them in websites http://www.mixpod.com/.

  20. 20.

    A Blogger theme is a layout for blogs that is offered by the blog host Blogger.com. These layouts come in many forms and are free to use for every subscriber to the platform.

  21. 21.

    Hicham distributes his works on World TV, which is hosted by YouTube, http://worldtv.com/hicham_tv, last accessed December 26, 2011.

  22. 22.

    YouTube is a website that allows users to distribute videos.

  23. 23.

    Examples of Arab Spring poems that turned into You Tube video clips are the Iraqi poet Ahmad Matarā€™s poem ā€œFighter and Chatterā€; 11 the Palestinian poet Tamim al-Barghuthiā€™s ā€œOh People of Egyptā€; 12 Abdul Aziz al-Jamiā€™anā€™s ā€œDamascus and the Caliphate Stateā€; 13 the Palestinian poet Basam al-Ashramā€™s ā€œBu Aziziā€; 14 and many othersā€™ Journalism and Mass Communication, Manifestations of the Arab Spring in Literature: ā€œVideo Clip Poemsā€ on You Tube as a Model. Eman Younis, Transcontinental Texts: Reality or Fantasy? Muhammad Sanajilahā€™s Novel Chat as a Sample, Hyperrhiz 16: Essays, Spring 2017, http://hyperrhiz.io/hyperrhiz16/essays/5-younis-transcontinental-texts.html, last accessed December 29, 2017, p. 36.

  24. 24.

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HU31hvjF1xA&context=C43ce1beADvjVQa1PpcFNv1b35puAIpq2-CmH8GwENT3OCM5WnUZg.

  25. 25.

    http://yfa.awid.org/2012/03/young-woman-recites-poem-in-solidarity-with-egyptian-women-who-underwent-virginity-tests/.

  26. 26.

    These tests were sexual abuse conducted by the military and did not serve to secure stability.

  27. 27.

    http://www.arab-ewriters.com/chat/, last accessed December 30, 2011.

  28. 28.

    Instant Messaging is a form of text-based communication carried out online in real time.

  29. 29.

    Zilal al-Wahed (Oneā€™s Own Shadows) 2001, Chat (2003), Saqiā€™ (Frost), and Zilal al-Ashiq (Shadows of the Lover) 2016. Eman Younis, Transcontinental Texts: Reality or Fantasy? Muhammad Sanajilahā€™s Novel Chat as a Sample, Hyperrhiz 16: Essays, Spring 2017, http://hyperrhiz.io/hyperrhiz16/essays/5-younis-transcontinental-texts.html, last accessed December 29, 2017, p. 2.

  30. 30.

    Both blog hosts provide personal publishing tools for online use.

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Lenze, N. (2019). Style and Media Make-Up of Digital Literature. In: Politics and Digital Literature in the Middle East. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76816-8_2

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