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Osteochondral Tissue Engineering pp 359–372Cite as

Stem Cells in Osteochondral Tissue Engineering

Part of the Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology book series (AEMB,volume 1058)

Abstract

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are pluripotent stem cells with the ability to differentiate into a variety of other connective tissue cells, such as chondral, bony, muscular, and tendon tissue. Bone marrow-derived MSCs are pluripotent cells that can differentiate among others into osteoblasts, adipocytes and chondrocytes.

Bone marrow-derived cells may represent the future in osteochondral repair. A one-step arthroscopic technique is developed for cartilage repair, using a device to concentrate bone marrow-derived cells and collagen powder or hyaluronic acid membrane as scaffolds for cell support and platelet gel.

The rationale of the “one-step technique” is to transplant the entire bone-marrow cellular pool instead of isolated and expanded mesenchymal stem cells allowing cells to be processed directly in the operating room, without the need for a laboratory phase. For an entirely arthroscopic implantation are employed a scaffold and the instrumentation previously applied for ACI; in addition to these devices, autologous platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) is added in order to provide a supplement of growth factors. Results of this technique are encouraging at mid-term although long-term follow-up is still needed.

Keywords

  • Cartilage repair
  • Ankle
  • Stem cells
  • Bone marrow
  • Arthroscopy

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  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_16
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Authors and Affiliations

  1. I Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy

    Eleonora Pintus, Matteo Baldassarri, Luca Perazzo, Simone Natali, Diego Ghinelli & Roberto Buda

Authors
  1. Eleonora Pintus
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  2. Matteo Baldassarri
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  3. Luca Perazzo
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  4. Simone Natali
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  5. Diego Ghinelli
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  6. Roberto Buda
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Roberto Buda .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    J. Miguel Oliveira

  2. 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    Sandra Pina

  3. 3B’s Research Group – Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, Barco, Guimarães, Portugal

    Rui L. Reis

  4. Polymeric Nanomaterials and Biomaterials Department, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology, Spanish Council for Scientific Research (CSIC), Madrid, Spain

    Julio San Roman

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Pintus, E., Baldassarri, M., Perazzo, L., Natali, S., Ghinelli, D., Buda, R. (2018). Stem Cells in Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. In: Oliveira, J., Pina, S., Reis, R., San Roman, J. (eds) Osteochondral Tissue Engineering. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology, vol 1058. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76711-6_16

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