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Oral Rehabilitation for Compromised and Elderly Patients pp 81–96Cite as

Masticatory Function and Nutritional Status: Considerations for an Ageing Population

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Abstract

Nowadays, many people retain their natural teeth until late in life as a result of the large success of preventive strategies. However, there is still a very high prevalence of edentulism and partial edentulism especially in elderly patients, and many of these patients are provided with inadequate dental prostheses. In addition, many elderly citizens suffer from systemic diseases leading to increased drug prescription with age. This may have direct or indirect negative effects on the health and integrity of oral tissues like teeth, mucosa or muscles. There is growing evidence that a close interaction between the general medical condition and oral health exists. From a dental point of view, the chewing ability and capacity and its interaction with the nutritional status seem to be especially important. For example, complete denture wearers present a significant oral disability, which often leads to a gradual deterioration of their individual dietary habits. The improvement of maximum bite force and chewing efficiency may be an important prerequisite for an adequate nutrition. Those functional parameters can often be improved by providing functional dental prostheses or by stabilizing complete dentures with endosseous implants. Nevertheless, an improvement of the nutritional status can only be achieved through a close collaboration with dieticians or clinical nutritionists.

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Acknowledgements

The text is partly based on ‘Schimmel M, Katsoulis J, Genton L, Müller F. “Masticatory function and nutrition in old age”. Swiss Dental Journal. 2015;125(4):449–54’.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Gerodontology, Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland

    Martin Schimmel

  2. Division of Gerodontology and Removable Prosthodontics, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

    Martin Schimmel

  3. Clinical Nutrition, University Hospitals Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland

    Laurence Genton

  4. Centre for Public Health, Queen’s University Belfast, Belfast, UK

    Gerry McKenna

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  1. Martin Schimmel
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  1. Director for the Europe FDI Continuing Education Program, Geneva, Switzerland

    Alexandre Mersel

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Schimmel, M., Genton, L., McKenna, G. (2019). Masticatory Function and Nutritional Status: Considerations for an Ageing Population. In: Mersel, A. (eds) Oral Rehabilitation for Compromised and Elderly Patients. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76129-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76129-9_6

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  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-76128-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-76129-9

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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