Introduction

Abstract

The context for the emergence of nuclear security challenges is discussed, including some of the milestones in the development of nuclear weapons and the international efforts aimed to direct the use of nuclear technology to peaceful applications. The key terminology pertaining to nonproliferation is introduced, after which the focus of the chapter shifts to the problem of nuclear terrorism. The effects of a hypothetical terrorist attack using a relatively small, improvised, nuclear device are discussed. Next, the policy and the relevant treaties that have shaped the arms control regime over the past decades are introduced. The national and international efforts are subsequently discussed, which aim to provide a framework for prevention of nuclear terrorism. Finally, the general characteristics of the active interrogation technique are discussed, which will be expanded upon in the remainder of the book.