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Ascorbate Peroxidases: Crucial Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes in Plant Stress Responses

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Ascorbic Acid in Plant Growth, Development and Stress Tolerance

Abstract

Ascorbate peroxidases (APXs) are, in general, photosynthetic eukaryote-specific enzymes, which catalyze the reduction of H2O2 using ascorbate as an electron donor. Considering the very low affinity of ascorbate with H2O2, the acquisition of APX was certainly an important event, allowing plants to use ascorbate for H2O2 metabolism. This also provides a plausible explanation for why plants accumulate a massive amount of ascorbate because this substrate is also required for stabilizing fragile APX enzymes (particularly chloroplastic isoforms). In higher plants, APXs are distributed in the cytosol, mitochondria, chloroplasts (both stroma and thylakoid membrane), and peroxisomes to modulate organellar and cellular levels of H2O2. Despite its potential toxicity, H2O2 is a relatively stable form of a reactive oxygen species, and consequently it can act as a key signaling molecule for plant stress responses. From this point of view, APXs also have a dual role, being antioxidant enzymes and H2O2 signaling regulators, and their balance is crucial for fine-tuning stress responses. In this chapter, we describe the physiological roles of APX isoforms in plants by overviewing the findings of biochemical, physiological, and genetic studies.

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Acknowledgement

This work was partially supported by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science, and Technology of Japan [Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (to T.I and T.M: 17H03807)].

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  1. Department of Life Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life and Environmental Science, Shimane University, Matsue, Shimane, Japan

    Takanori Maruta & Takahiro Ishikawa

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  1. Takanori Maruta
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  2. Takahiro Ishikawa
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Correspondence to Takahiro Ishikawa .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh

    Mohammad Anwar Hossain

  2. Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain

    Sergi Munné-Bosch

  3. Department of Botany, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand

    David J. Burritt

  4. Department of Plant Biology, University of Murcia, Espinardo, Murcia, Spain

    Pedro Diaz-Vivancos

  5. Department of Applied Biological Science, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan

    Masayuki Fujita

  6. Arkansas Biosciences Institute, Arkansas State University, Jonesboro, Arkansas, USA

    Argelia Lorence

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Maruta, T., Ishikawa, T. (2017). Ascorbate Peroxidases: Crucial Roles of Antioxidant Enzymes in Plant Stress Responses. In: Hossain, M., Munné-Bosch, S., Burritt, D., Diaz-Vivancos, P., Fujita, M., Lorence, A. (eds) Ascorbic Acid in Plant Growth, Development and Stress Tolerance. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-74057-7_4

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