Abstract
Youth gang involvement has received intensive scholarly, public, and administrative attention during the past few decades (Decker, Melde, & Pyrooz, 2013). In the USA, the modern street gang has been a significant feature of the urban landscape in various regions since around the 1950s and was found to be heavily dependent upon trends in rapid urbanization and immigration (Howell & Moore, 2010). A street gang is a variation on the traditional adolescent peer group, where most of its members engage in various violent or non-violent offending when compared to their demographically similar counterparts (Melde & Esbensen, 2013). Gang-related crime and non-gang-affiliated group crime are a worldwide phenomenon, the behavioral and psychological dynamics of which are similar (Hagedorn, 2005).
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Beckett, H. Brodie, I., Factor, F., Melrose, M., Pearce, J., Pitts, J., … Warrington, C. (2013). “It’s wrong, but you get used to it”: A qualitative study of gang associated sexual violence towards, and exploitation of, young people in England. Office of the Children’s Commissioner’s Inquiry into Child Exploitation in Gangs and Groups Final Report. Retrieved from http://www.childrenscommissioner.gov.uk/info/csegg1
Brown, V. A. (2007). Gang member perpetrated domestic violence: A new conservation. University of Maryland Law Journal of Race, Religion, Gender and Class, 7, 395–413.
Curry, D. C. (1998). Female gang involvement. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency, 35(1), 100–118.
Curry, D., & Decker, H. (1998). Confronting gangs: Crime and community. Los Angeles, CA: Roxbury.
Decker, S. H., & Curry, G. D. (2002). Gangs, gang homicides, and gang loyalty: Organized crimes or disorganized criminals. Journal of Criminal Justice, 30(4), 343–352.
Decker, S. H., Melde, C., & Pyrooz, D. (2013). What do we know about gangs and gang members and where do we go from here? Justice Quarterly, 30, 369–402.
Densley, J. (2013). How gangs work: An ethnography of youth violence. New York, NY: Palgrave Macmillan.
Esbensen, F. A., Deschenes, E. P., & Winfree, L. T. (1999). Differences between gang girls and gang boys: Results from a multi-site survey. Youth and Society, 31(1), 27–53.
Fleisher, M. S. (1998). Dead end kids: Gang girls and the boys they know. Madison, WI: University of Wisconsin Press.
Frank, M. J., & Terwilliger, G. Z. (2015). Gang-controlled sex trafficking. Virginia Journal of Criminal Law, 3, 342–384.
Hagedorn, J. M. (2005). The global impact of gangs. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 21(2), 153–169.
Firmin, C. (2013). Busting the “gang rape myth”: Girls’ victimization and agency in gang-associated sexual violence. In M. Horvath & J. Woodhams (Eds.), Handbook on the study of multiple perpetrator rape: A multidisciplinary response to an international problem (pp. 97–115). New York, NY: Routledge.
Howell, J. C., & Moore, J. P. (2010). History of street gangs in the United States. In National Gang Center Bulletin. Retrieved from https://www.nationalgangcenter.gov/Content/Documents/History-of-Street-Gangs.pdf
Kelly, A. (2015). Girls in gangs: Listening to and making sense of females’ perspectives of gang life (Doctoral dissertation). Ottawa, Canada: University of Ottawa.
Lederer, L. J. (2009). Sold for sex: The link between street gangs and trafficking in persons. Human Rights and Civil Society, 1, 1–20.
Melde, C., & Esbensen, F. A. (2013). Gangs and violence: Disentangling the impact of gang membership on the level and nature of offending. Journal of Quantitative Criminology, 29(2), 143–166.
Metropolitan Police Service (2015). The London child sexual exploitation operating protocol. Retrieved from https://beta.met.police.uk/globalassets/downloads/child-abuse/the-london-revised-cse-operating-protocol-2nd-edition.pdf
Miller, J. (2001). One of the guys: Girls, gangs, and gender. New York, NY: Oxford University Press.
Sheldon, R., Tracy, S., & Brown, W. (2004). Youth gangs in American Society. Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Taylor, T. J. (2008). The boulevard ain’t safe for your kids… 1: Youth gang membership and violent victimization. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice, 24(2), 125–136.
Terrance J. Taylor, Dana Peterson, Finn-Aage Esbensen, Adrienne Freng, (2016) Gang Membership as a Risk Factor for Adolescent Violent Victimization. Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency 44 (4):351–380
Wang, J. Z. (2000). Female gang affiliation: Knowledge and perceptions of at-risk girls. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 44(5), 618–632.
Wolf, A., & Gutierrez, L. (2012). It’s about time: Prevention and intervention services for gang-affiliated girls. Oakland, CA: National Council on Crime and Delinquency.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer Nature Switzerland AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lambine, M., Gaviria, G. (2018). Organized Crime, Gangs, and Trafficking. In: Walker, L., Gaviria, G., Gopal, K. (eds) Handbook of Sex Trafficking. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73621-1_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73621-1_12
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-73620-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-73621-1
eBook Packages: Behavioral Science and PsychologyBehavioral Science and Psychology (R0)