Abstract
This chapter deals with effects of mean strain, with a direct impact on energy production. Various experimental facilities are surveyed. In addition to the pure strain (irrotational mean flows, symmetric mean velocity gradient matrix), the case of more general mean flows is addressed. The essentials of Rapid Distortion Theory with mean-flow-advection are given, after a brief survey of Reynolds Stress Models. Governing equations for second-order statistics are compacted under generalized Lin equations, and a recent model derived from anisotropic EDQNM is rendered more tractable in terms of spherically averaged descriptors. Some typical results are reported and compared to experiments. The return to isotropy is investigated, both in terms of a threshold scale in a scale-by-scale analysis, and in term of the temporal relaxation of anisotropy indicators when the mean velocity gradient is suppressed. Finally, the experimental investigation near the stagnation point in a von Karman flow with exactly co-rotating discs, illustrates the recovery of the concepts of homogeneous anisotropic turbulence in such a flow, with careful measurements of mean velocity gradients and Reynolds stresses.
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Sagaut, P., Cambon, C. (2018). Incompressible Homogeneous Anisotropic Turbulence: With Strain. In: Homogeneous Turbulence Dynamics. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73162-9_8
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