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A History of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540

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Preventing the Proliferation of WMDs

Abstract

This chapter seeks to provide an original account of the origins and purpose of resolution 1540. The account builds on the author’s experience, first-hand accounts, and interviews with former government officials, including Stephen Hadley, John Bolton, and Robert Joseph. It seeks to generate insights into the intended purpose of the resolution, its drafting, the diplomacy surrounding its passage, and the effects that this had on the text which was adopted by the Security Council. In doing so, the chapter also seeks to situate the resolution amongst other non-proliferation and counter-WMD-terrorism tools and initiatives.

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Notes

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    Bolton, J., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 24 July 2014.

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    Sokolski, H., ‘Taking Proliferation Seriously’, Policy Review, Number 121 (Hoover Institution, October–November 2003). Available at: <http://www.npolicy.org/article_file/Taking_Proliferation_Seriously-Policy_Review.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  20. 20.

    Hadley, S., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 28 July 2014.

  21. 21.

    Joseph, R., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 11 July 2014.

  22. 22.

    Statement by G8 Leaders, ‘The G8 Global Partnership Against the Spread of Weapons and Materials of Mass Destruction’, 27 June 2002. Available at: <http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/184977.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  23. 23.

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  25. 25.

    Cupitt, R.T., ‘Capstone and Mortar: Notes on the Creation of UNSCR 1540’, 1540 Compass, Issue 6. Available at <http://cits.uga.edu/uploads/1540compass/1540PDFs/06-04-cupitt.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  26. 26.

    Putin, V., ‘Speech at the 58th Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations’, 25 September 2003. Available at: <http://eng.kremlin.ru/transcripts/7393> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  27. 27.

    Putin, V., ‘Speech at the 58th Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations’, (I am grateful to my colleague Simon Saradzhyan for assistance in comparing the Russian government’s posted English text to the original.)

  28. 28.

    Joseph, R., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 11 July 2014.

  29. 29.

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  30. 30.

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  31. 31.

    Bolton, J., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 24 July 2014.

  32. 32.

    United Nations Security Council, ‘Resolution 1977 (April 2011)’.

  33. 33.

    Cupitt, R.T., ‘Capstone and Mortar: Notes on the Creation of UNSCR 1540’.

  34. 34.

    Cupitt, R.T., ‘Capstone and Mortar: Notes on the Creation of UNSCR 1540’.

  35. 35.

    ‘Key Multilateral Workshops and Exercises’, Global Initiative to Combat Nuclear Terrorism. Available at: <http://www.gicnt.org/download/iag/Running_List_of_All_GICNT_Events_-_December_2013.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  36. 36.

    Nye, J., ‘Maintaining a Non-proliferation Regime’, International Organization, 35:1 (Winter 1981), p. 36.

  37. 37.

    United Nations Security Council, ‘Resolution 1540 (2004)’.

  38. 38.

    UNSC, ‘Resolution 1540’, clause 3d.

  39. 39.

    UNSC, ‘Resolution 1540’, clause 6.

  40. 40.

    UNSC, ‘Resolution 1540’, Paragraph 3d.

  41. 41.

    International Atomic Energy Agency, ‘The Convention on the Physical Protection of Nuclear Material’, INFCIRC/274 (May 1980). Available at: <http://www.iaea.org/Publications/Documents/Infcircs/Others/inf274r1.shtml> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

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    Bowen, W.Q., Cottee, M. and Hobbs, C., ‘Multilateral Cooperation and the Prevention of Nuclear Terrorism: Pragmatism over Idealism’, International Affairs, 88:2 (20 March 2012), pp. 349–368; p. 358.

  43. 43.

    UNSC, ‘Resolution 1540’, clause 3, part b.

  44. 44.

    Nuclear Security Summit Joint Statement, ‘Joint Statement on Promoting Full and Universal Implementation of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540 (2004)’, March 2014. Available at: <https://www.nss2014.com/sites/default/files/documents/joint_statement_on_unscr_1540_-_final_version_24_march2.pdf> (Accessed 15 December 2014).

  45. 45.

    Hadley, S., interview conducted by Will Tobey, 28 July 2014.

  46. 46.

    UNSC, ‘Resolution 1977’, clause 19.

  47. 47.

    Holgate, L., ‘Further Strengthening Implementation and Enhancement of the International Nuclear Security Framework’, Remarks to the International Atomic Energy Agency International Conference on Nuclear Security, 02 July 2013, p. 1–2.

  48. 48.

    Cupitt, R.T., ‘Capstone and Mortar: Notes on the Creation of UNSCR 1540’.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA

    William H. Tobey

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  1. William H. Tobey
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs, Harvard Kennedy School, Cambridge, MA, USA

    Daniel Salisbury

  2. War Studies Department, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Ian J. Stewart

  3. War Studies Department, King’s College London, London, United Kingdom

    Andrea Viski

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Tobey, W.H. (2018). A History of United Nations Security Council Resolution 1540. In: Salisbury, D., Stewart, I., Viski, A. (eds) Preventing the Proliferation of WMDs. Palgrave Pivot, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-72203-0_2

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