Abstract
New South Wales is experiencing a variety of challenges to its traditional linear economy from issues relating to air pollution, climate change, energy, population growth, waste, and water. In response, New South Wales has implemented a variety of upstream and downstream fiscal and non-fiscal tools to develop the circular economy and encourage a life cycle perspective to be taken by economic actors in an attempt to decouple economic growth from resource use and associated environmental impacts.
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Notes
- 1.
Department of Industry. 2017. Size of NSW economy [Online]. Available: https://www.industry.nsw.gov.au/invest-in-nsw/about-nsw/economic-growth/Size-of-NSW-economy.
- 2.
NSW Treasury. 2017. Economic outlook [Online]. Available: https://www.treasury.nsw.gov.au/nsw-economy/about-nsw-economy/economic-outlook.
- 3.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017f. Towards cleaner air. NSW air quality statement 2016.
- 4.
Sydney Morning Herald. 2017. Sydney weather: Air pollution alert as temperatures to hit 47 degrees across NSW this week [Online]. Available: http://www.smh.com.au/environment/weather/sydney-weather-air-pollution-alert-as-temperatures-to-hit-47-across-nsw-this-week-20170109-gtojlj.html.
- 5.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2016a. Climate change in NSW fact sheet. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/climate-change-fact-sheet-climate-change-in-nsw.
- 6.
Department of the Environment and Energy, A. G. 2017. Climate change impacts in New South Wales [Online]. Available: https://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/climate-science/impacts/nsw.
- 7.
NSW EPA. 2015. NSW state of the environment 2015. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/soe/soe2015/index.htm.
- 8.
NSW Government. 2016b. Waste less, recyle more. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/resources/waste/waste-less-recycle-more-2017-21-brochure-160538.pdf.
- 9.
NSW EPA. 2015. NSW state of the environment 2015. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/soe/soe2015/index.htm.
- 10.
Ibid.
- 11.
NSW Government. 2016b. Waste less, recyle more. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/resources/waste/waste-less-recycle-more-2017-21-brochure-160538.pdf.
- 12.
NSW EPA. 2015. NSW state of the environment 2015. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/soe/soe2015/index.htm.
- 13.
Energy Saving Scheme. 2017d. Targets and penalties [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/Scheme_Participants/Targets_and_penalties.
- 14.
Energy Saving Scheme. 2017a. How the scheme works [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/How_the_scheme_works.
- 15.
Energy Saving Scheme. 2017b. Overview of the scheme [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/How_the_scheme_works/Overview_of_the_scheme.
- 16.
NSW Planning and Environment. 2017a. Clean energy strategies for business [Online]. Available: http://www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au/energy-consumers/sustainable-energy/clean-energy-strategies-for-business.
- 17.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017d. Sustainability advantage [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/sustainabilityadvantage/.
- 18.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017b. Recognition scheme [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/sustainabilityadvantage/recognition.htm.
- 19.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2016b. Energy efficiency training courses. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/0477-OEH-training-brochure.pdf.
- 20.
NSW EPA. 2017b. Bin trim business grants program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/bin-trim-business.htm.
- 21.
NSW EPA. 2017c. Bin trim rebates program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/bin-trim-rebates.htm.
- 22.
NSW EPA. 2017d. Circulate, NSW EPA industrial ecology program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/managewaste/industrial-ecology.htm.
- 23.
NSW EPA. 2017e. Civil construction market pilot program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/circulate-civil-construction-market-program.htm.
- 24.
NSW EPA. 2017g. Organics market development grants [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/organics-market.htm.
- 25.
NSW Government. 2016b. Waste less, recyle more. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/resources/waste/waste-less-recycle-more-2017-21-brochure-160538.pdf.
- 26.
NSW Government. 2016a. Can we do it? Yes we can [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/MinMedia/EPAMinMedia16101901.pdf.
- 27.
NSW EPA. 2017i. Resource recovery facility expansion and enhancement program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/facility-expansion.htm.
- 28.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017c. Resource recovery facility expansion and enhancement [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/grants/resourcerec.htm.
- 29.
NSW EPA. 2017f. Infrastructure advisory services [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/infrastructure-advice.htm.
- 30.
NSW EPA. 2017a. Australian packaging covenant [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/packaging-covenant.htm.
- 31.
NSW EPA. 2012. Waste and recycling systems for commercial and industrial premises. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/managewaste/commercial-industrial.htm.
- 32.
NSW Government. 2014. NSW Government resource efficiency policy. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/government/NSW-GREP-140567.pdf.
- 33.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017a. Government resource efficiency policy (GREP) [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/government/policy.htm.
- 34.
NSW Government. 2011. Guidelines for environmental upgrade agreements. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/EUAGuidelines.pdf.
- 35.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2017g. Upgrade your building [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/business/upgrade-agreements.htm.
- 36.
NSW Planning and Environment. 2017b. NSW renewable energy resources map [Online]. Available: http://www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au/investors/renewable-energy/renewable-resources-map.
- 37.
NSW Government. 2017. Environmental management systems [Online]. Available: https://www.procurepoint.nsw.gov.au/environmental-management-systems.
- 38.
NSW EPA. 2017h. The recyculator [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/warrlocal/recyculator.htm.
References
Department of Industry. 2017. Size of NSW economy [Online]. Available: https://www.industry.nsw.gov.au/invest-in-nsw/about-nsw/economic-growth/Size-of-NSW-economy.
Department of the Environment and Energy, A. G. 2017. Climate change impacts in New South Wales [Online]. Available: https://www.environment.gov.au/climate-change/climate-science/impacts/nsw.
Energy Saving Scheme. 2017a. How the scheme works [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/How_the_scheme_works.
———. 2017b. Overview of the scheme [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/How_the_scheme_works/Overview_of_the_scheme.
———. 2017c. Scheme-specific questions [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/Common_questions/Scheme-specific_questions.
———. 2017d. Targets and penalties [Online]. Available: http://www.ess.nsw.gov.au/Scheme_Participants/Targets_and_penalties.
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NSW EPA. 2012. Waste and recycling systems for commercial and industrial premises. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/managewaste/commercial-industrial.htm.
———. 2015. NSW state of the environment 2015. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/soe/soe2015/index.htm.
———. 2017a. Australian packaging covenant [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/packaging-covenant.htm.
———. 2017b. Bin trim business grants program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/bin-trim-business.htm.
———. 2017c. Bin trim rebates program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/bin-trim-rebates.htm.
———. 2017d. Circulate, NSW EPA industrial ecology program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/managewaste/industrial-ecology.htm.
———. 2017e. Civil construction market pilot program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/circulate-civil-construction-market-program.htm.
———. 2017f. Infrastructure advisory services [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/infrastructure-advice.htm.
———. 2017g. Organics market development grants [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/organics-market.htm.
———. 2017h. The recyculator [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/warrlocal/recyculator.htm.
———. 2017i. Resource recovery facility expansion and enhancement program [Online]. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/wastegrants/facility-expansion.htm.
NSW Government. 2011. Guidelines for environmental upgrade agreements. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/EUAGuidelines.pdf.
———. 2014. NSW Government resource efficiency policy. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/government/NSW-GREP-140567.pdf.
———. 2016a. Can we do it? Yes we can [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/MinMedia/EPAMinMedia16101901.pdf.
———. 2016b. Waste less, recycle more. Available: http://www.epa.nsw.gov.au/resources/waste/waste-less-recycle-more-2017-21-brochure-160538.pdf.
———. 2017. Environmental management systems [Online]. Available: https://www.procurepoint.nsw.gov.au/environmental-management-systems.
NSW Planning and Environment. 2017a. Clean energy strategies for business [Online]. Available: http://www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au/energy-consumers/sustainable-energy/clean-energy-strategies-for-business.
———. 2017b. NSW renewable energy resources map [Online]. Available: http://www.resourcesandenergy.nsw.gov.au/investors/renewable-energy/renewable-resources-map.
NSW Treasury. 2017. Economic outlook [Online]. Available: https://www.treasury.nsw.gov.au/nsw-economy/about-nsw-economy/economic-outlook.
Office of Environment and Heritage. 2014. Sustainability advantage pathways to recognition. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/sustainabilityadvantage/140609-SA-recognition-pathways.pdf.
———. 2016a. Climate change in NSW fact sheet. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/research-and-publications/publications-search/climate-change-fact-sheet-climate-change-in-nsw.
———. 2016b. Energy efficiency training courses. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/resources/business/0477-OEH-training-brochure.pdf.
———. 2017a. Government resource efficiency policy (GREP) [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/government/policy.htm.
———. 2017b. Recognition scheme [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/sustainabilityadvantage/recognition.htm.
———. 2017c. Resource recovery facility expansion and enhancement [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/grants/resourcerec.htm.
———. 2017d. Sustainability advantage [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/sustainabilityadvantage/.
———. 2017e. Sustainability advantage modules [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/sustainabilityadvantage/modules.htm.
———. 2017f. Towards cleaner air. NSW air quality statement 2016.
———. 2017g. Upgrade your building [Online]. Available: http://www.environment.nsw.gov.au/business/upgrade-agreements.htm.
Sydney Morning Herald. 2017. Sydney weather: Air pollution alert as temperatures to hit 47 degrees across NSW this week [Online]. Available: http://www.smh.com.au/environment/weather/sydney-weather-air-pollution-alert-as-temperatures-to-hit-47-across-nsw-this-week-20170109-gtojlj.html.
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Brears, R.C. (2018). Natural Resource Management and the Circular Economy in New South Wales. In: Natural Resource Management and the Circular Economy. Palgrave Studies in Natural Resource Management . Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71888-0_6
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