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Regional Innovation Systems and Global Flows of Knowledge

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New Avenues for Regional Innovation Systems - Theoretical Advances, Empirical Cases and Policy Lessons

Abstract

The literature on regional innovation systems emphasizes the role of the region as locus for interactive learning and knowledge exchange, stressing the importance of (geographical) proximity for innovation. Even though the importance of extra-regional knowledge is widely acknowledged, there has been only little emphasis on the particular role and the nature of global knowledge flows. The aim of this chapter is to explore the differentiated nature of global knowledge flows in regional innovation systems. We provide an overview of the different ways firms can gain access to global knowledge sources. Identified knowledge sourcing channels include international R&D collaborations, foreign direct investments, personally embedded relationships, international mobility of skilled labour, virtual communities and online platforms, and the participation in temporary clusters such as fairs, exhibitions, and conferences. Depending on regional innovation system preconditions, firms use and combine different knowledge sourcing channels to access global knowledge. Firms in organisationally thick and diversified regional innovation systems have a geographical advantage in accessing knowledge globally, but even firms in peripheral areas can exchange knowledge worldwide, due to improved means of transport and communication at distance. Furthermore, not only multinational companies that are dominated by analytical or synthetic knowledge bases, but even small and medium sized enterprises in symbolic industries are often deeply involved in global knowledge sourcing activities. We illustrate our arguments with interview data collected among New Media firms in southern Sweden and in the Oslo Region in Norway.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    With the term ‘global’, we refer to knowledge that is available at and sourced over long geographical distance. This typically excludes regional and national, but includes international knowledge sourcing. However, not all cases of international knowledge sourcing would qualify as global (e.g. cross-border collaboration between neighbouring regions).

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Acknowledgements

This research has been generously supported by the Marianne and Markus Wallenberg Foundation, grant number 2012.0194.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Roman Martin

  2. Centre for Innovation, Research and Competence in the Learning Economy (CIRCLE), Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Markus Grillitsch

  3. BI Norwegian Business School, Oslo, Norway

    Heidi Wiig Aslesen

  4. Department of Human Geography, Lund University, Lund, Sweden

    Markus Grillitsch

  5. Inland Norway University of Applied Sciences, Lillehammer, Norway

    Sverre J. Herstad

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  1. Roman Martin
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Business and Law, University of Agder, Grimstad, Norway

    Arne Isaksen

  2. School of Business, Economics and Law, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden

    Roman Martin

  3. Department of Geography and Regional Research, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria

    Michaela Trippl

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Martin, R., Aslesen, H.W., Grillitsch, M., Herstad, S.J. (2018). Regional Innovation Systems and Global Flows of Knowledge. In: Isaksen, A., Martin, R., Trippl, M. (eds) New Avenues for Regional Innovation Systems - Theoretical Advances, Empirical Cases and Policy Lessons. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-71661-9_7

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