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Principles of Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems pp 341–435Cite as

Fading and Diversity

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Abstract

Fading is the variation in received signal strength due to changes in the physical characteristics of the propagation medium, which alter the interaction of multipath components of the transmitted signal. The principal means of counteracting fading are diversity methods, which are based on the exploitation of the latent redundancy in two or more independently fading copies of the same signal. The basic concept of diversity is that even if some copies are degraded, there is a high probability that others will not be. This chapter provides a general description of the most important aspects of fading and the role of diversity methods in counteracting it. Both direct-sequence and frequency-hopping signals are shown to provide diversity. The rake demodulator, which is of central importance in most direct-sequence systems, is shown to be capable of exploiting undesired multipath signals rather than simply attempting to reject them. The multicarrier direct-sequence system and frequency-domain equalization are shown to be alternative methods of advantageously processing multipath signals.

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  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-70569-9_6
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  1. Silver Spring, MD, USA

    Don Torrieri

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  1. Don Torrieri
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Torrieri, D. (2018). Fading and Diversity. In: Principles of Spread-Spectrum Communication Systems. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70569-9_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-70569-9_6

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