Abstract
The first part of this chapter focuses on placing millimeter-wave research in the context of telecommunication. The second part focuses more strongly on some high-frequency amplifier electronics that were neglected in Chap. 1. In essence, this chapter aims to illustrate the convergence of communications, circuits and antennas, which is necessary in millimeter-wave LNA research. These apparently unrelated aspects of LNA research can furthermore be treated in a single chapter because they set the research constraints (i.e., result in design specifications). For example, there may be a requirement for a 60 GHz communication network deploying a certain type of modulation, but with a particular gain and noise figure; this, once again, illustrates the multidisciplinary nature of LNA research.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Rappaport TS, Murdock JN, Gutierrez F (2011) State of the art in 60-GHz integrated circuits and systems for wireless communications. Proc IEEE 99(8):1390–1436
International Telecommunication Union (2000) Nomenclature of the frequency and wavelength bands used in telecommunications. ITU-R Recommendation V.431 (internet). Available from: http://www.itu.int/rec/R-REC-V.431/en. Cited 19 May 2015
du Preez J, Sinha S (2016) Millimeter-wave antennas: configurations and applications. Springer, Berlin
Baykas T, Sum CS, Lan Z, Wang J, Rahman MA, Harada H, Kato S (2011) IEEE, 802.15. 3c: the first IEEE wireless standard for data rates over 1 Gb/s. IEEE Commun Mag 49(7):114–121
Perahia E, Cordeiro C, Park M, Yang LL. IEEE 802.11 ad: defining the next generation multi-Gbps Wi-Fi. In: 2010 7th IEEE consumer communications and networking conference; 2010; Las Vegas, pp 1–5
Hsiao YH, Chang YC, Tsai CH, Huang TY, Aloui S, Huang DJ, Chen YH, Tsai PH, Kao JC et al (2016) A 77-GHz 2T6R transceiver with injection-lock frequency sextupler using 65-nm CMOS for automotive radar system application. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 64(10):3031–3048
Hasch J, Topak E, Schnabel R, Zwick T, Weigel R, Waldschmidt C (2012) Millimeter-wave technology for automotive radar sensors in the 77 GHz frequency band. IEEE Trans Microw Theory Tech 60(3):845–860
Pozar M (2012) Microwave engineering, 4th edn. Wiley, Hoboken
Adhikari P (2008) Understanding millimeter wave wireless communication. White paper. Loea Corporation
du Preez J, Sinha S (2017) Millimeter-Wave Power Amplifiers. Springer, Cham
Proakis JG, Salehi M (2008) Digital communications, 5th edn. McGraw-Hill, New York
Raab FH, Asbeck P, Kenington PB, Cripps S, Popovic ZB, Pothecary N, Sevic JF, Sokal NO (2003) RF and microwave power amplifier and transmitter technologies—Part 1. High Freq. Electron. 2:22–36
Sinha S, Božanić M, Schoeman J, du Plessis M, Linde LP. A CMOS based multiple-access DSSS transceiver. In: 2009 South African conference on semi and superconductor technology; 2009; Stellenbosch, pp 19–24
Okada K, Li N,Matsushita K, Bunsen K, Murakami R, Musa A, Sato T, Asada H, Takayama N, Ito S, Chaivipas W (2011) A 60-GHz 16QAM/8PSK/QPSK/BPSK Direct-Conversion Transceiver for IEEE802.15.3c. IEEE J Solid State Circ 46(12):2988–3004
Cimini L (1985) Analysis and simulation of a digital mobile channel using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing. IEEE Trans Commun 33(7):665–675
Falconer D, Ariyavisitakul SL, Benyamin-Seeyar A, Eidson B (2002) Frequency domain equalization for single-carrier broadband wireless systems. IEEE Commun Mag 40(4):58–66
Thompson SC, Ahmed AU, Proakis JG, Zeidler JR, Geile MJ (2008) Constant envelope OFDM. IEEE Trans Commun 56(8):1300–1312
Cheng DK (1993) Fundamentals of engineering electromagnetics, 1st ed. Reading: Addison-Wesley Publishing Company
Kazimierczuk MK (2015) RF Power amplifiers, 2nd edn. Wiley, Chiechester
Robertson I, Somjit N, Chongcheawchamnan M (2016) Microwave and millimetre-wave design for wireless communications, 1st edn. Wiley, Chichester
Tummala RR, Swaminathan M (2008) System-on-package: miniaturization of the entire system, 1st edn. McGraw-Hill Professional, New York
Bowick C, Blyler J, Ajluni C (2008) RF circuit design, 2nd edn. Elsevier, Burlington
Ludwig R, Bretchko P (2000) RF circuit design: theory and applications, 1st edn. Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River
Pantoli L, Barigelli A, Leuzzi G, Vitulli F (2014) Analysis and design of a Q/V-band low-noise amplifier in GaAs-based 0.1 µm pHEMT technology. IET Microw Antennas Propag 10(14):1500–1506
Feng G, Boon CC, Meng F, Yi X, Li C (2016) An 88.5–110 GHz CMOS low-noise amplifier for millimeter-wave imaging applications. IEEE Microw Wirel Compon Lett 26(2):134–136
Lee TH (2004) The design of CMOS radio-frequency integrated circuits, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Grebennikov A, Sokal NO, Franco MJ (2012) Switchmode RF and microwave power amplifiers, 2nd edn. Elsevier, Burlington
Agilent (2010) Fundamentals of RF and microwave noise figure measurement. Application note. Agilent, Santa Clara
Chen FY, Chen JF, Lin RL (2007) Low-harmonic push-pull class-E power amplifier with a pair of LC resonant networks. IEEE Trans Circ Syst I Regul Pap 54(3):579–589
Lee YT, Chiong CC, Niu DC, Wang H (2014) A high gain E-band MMIC LNA in GaAs 0.1-μm pHEMT process for radio astronomy applications. In: 9th European microwave integrated circuit conference (EuMIC), Rome, pp 456–459
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Božanić, M., Sinha, S. (2018). Specification-Governed Telecommunication and High-Frequency-Electronics Aspects of Low-Noise Amplifier Research. In: Millimeter-Wave Low Noise Amplifiers. Signals and Communication Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69020-9_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69020-9_2
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-69019-3
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-69020-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)