Abstract
The AEGIS (advancing knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship and innovation for growth and social well-being in Europe) database is described in this chapter, including the origin of the data product, the purpose of the data collection effort, and its completeness relative to other collections of information about small entrepreneurial firms.
Not everything that can be counted counts, and not everything that counts can be counted.
—Albert Einstein
The value of an idea lies in the using of it.
—Thomas Edison
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Notes
- 1.
In Greek mythology, the word aegis refers to the powerful shield carried by Athena and Zeus. While the use of the acronym is not explained in EC documents, to the best of our knowledge in the many other documentations about the AEGIS project, one of which is by Caloghirou et al. (2011), we opine that the title of AEGIS may imply that the database itself contains powerful information for an understanding of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship.
- 2.
The following description of FP7 draws directly from https://ec.europa.eu/research/fp7/understanding/fp7inbrief/what-is_en.html (accessed on April 20, 2016). Earlier versions of this description, and other aspects of this chapter, follow discussions in Link and Swann (2016), Boles and Link (forthcoming), and Amoroso, Audretsch, and Link (forthcoming).
- 3.
- 4.
Within the AEGIS survey and within the explanatory text by Caloghirou et al. (2011), the terms firm, company, and business appear to be used interchangeably. For purpose of standardization, we impose our preference for the term firm throughout the text unless specific reference to a survey question is being made.
- 5.
As described in Caloghirou et al. (2011), the sampling process was challenging due to the desire to have adequate representation of smaller countries and across industries. The desire to include new firms, rather than firms that had recently changed legal status, and to impose other restrictions to ensure that the data included firms in the desired age range further complicated the data collection process. The final sampling frame consisted of 202,286 firms, and the database includes information on 4,004 firms. Caloghirou et al. (2011) provide detailed information on the sampling process.
- 6.
The sampling weights are, by country, Croatia (11.985), the Czech Republic (15.230), Denmark (23.909), France (100.249), Germany (66.470), Greece (12.628), Italy (89.371), Portugal (16.492), Sweden (62.533), and the United Kingdom (21.764).
- 7.
The astute reader will note that the survey was completed approximately 5Â years before the United Kingdom voted to leave the European Union (also known as Brexit). Thus, throughout this book, we have retained the numbers for the UK textile and apparel industries in our presentation and discussion of the AEGIS database.
- 8.
References
AEGIS. (2012). Advancing knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship and innovation for economic growth and social well-being in Europe: D5.4 Final Report. mimeograph.
Amoroso, S., & Link, A. N. (2017). Under the AEGIS of knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship: Employment growth and gender of founders among European firms. Small Business Economics. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-017-9920-4.
Amoroso, S., Audretsch, D. B., & Link, A. N. (2017). Sources of knowledge used by entrepreneurial firms in the European high-tech sector. Eurasian Business Review. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40821-017-0078-4.
Boles, J., & Link, A. N. (2017). On the R&D/marketing interface in knowledge intensive entrepreneurial firms. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 3(3), 943–952.
Caloghirou, Y., Protogerou, A., & Tsakanikas, A. (2011). Advancing knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship and innovation: Final report summarizing survey methods and results for economic growth and social well-being in Europe. mimeograph.
Cunningham, J. A., & Link, A. N. (2016). Exploring the effectiveness of research and innovation policies among European Union countries. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12(2), 415–425.
Hodges, N., & Link, A. N. (2017). On the growth of European apparel firms. Journal of the Knowledge Economy, 8(2), 489–498.
Link, A. N., & Swann, C. A. (2016). R&D as an investment in knowledge based capital. Journal of Industrial and Business Economics, 43(1), 11–24.
PLANET. (2011). Advancing knowledge-intensive entrepreneurship and innovation for economic growth and social well-being in Europe. D5.4 Final Report.
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Appendix 4.A: Industries Defined in Each Sector
Appendix 4.A: Industries Defined in Each Sector
The definitions of the industries that are in the sectoral categories of high tech, low tech, and KIBS are reported in Caloghirou et al. (2011). A more specific segmentation is in Table 4.4 for information rather than analytical purposes.
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Hodges, N.J., Link, A.N. (2018). The AEGIS Database. In: Knowledge-Intensive Entrepreneurship. International Studies in Entrepreneurship, vol 39. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68777-3_4
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