Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Valuing Chaparral pp 271–294Cite as

Recreation Ecosystem Services from Chaparral Dominated Landscapes: A Baseline Assessment from National Forests in Southern California

  • Chapter
  • First Online:

Part of the book series: Springer Series on Environmental Management ((SSEM))

Abstract

This chapter examines recreation ecosystem services provided by chaparral dominated landscapes. Such areas are popular around the world amongst recreation users, including hikers, mountain bikers, campers, and nature enthusiasts. Yet, relatively few studies have documented the recreation services provided by chaparral landscapes such as national forests. For policy makers to manage these areas effectively, baseline information on the provision of recreation services and the populations who benefit is important, especially given current stressors such as overuse and projected climate change effects. To this end, this chapter examines four chaparral dominated national forests surrounding the Los Angeles and San Diego metropolitan areas, namely the Angeles, Cleveland, Los Padres, and San Bernardino. Using data from the USDA Forest Service’s National Visitor Use Monitoring (NVUM) survey, we discuss the types of visitors using these public lands and their recreation use patterns. Our analyses suggest recreation in chaparral dominated national forests is especially important for minorities. Yet, these landscapes are facing altered human and natural disturbance regimes that may affect the recreation services they provide.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Notes

  1. 1.

    The ten counties in which at least one of the four National Forests is situated were used in the median income calculation, which are: Kern, Los Angeles, Monterey, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, San Luis Obispo, Santa Barbara, and Ventura. The values are in 2015 dollars.

  2. 2.

    As part of President Obama’s initiative to get “Every Kid in a Park,” fourth grade classes became eligible to receive reimbursement for transportation costs when visiting the Angeles National Forest and San Gabriel Mountains National Monument, as well as outdoor classroom programming. See: https://www.fs.usda.gov/angeles

  3. 3.

    Over the years 2012–2016, the US Forest Service allocated an average annual budget of $1.5 billion (in 2015 dollars) for its National Forest System (Hoover 2016). Total budgets have declined by 9% over this period, with an 11% decline in the budget allocated to recreation facilities (USDA Forest Service 2016).

  4. 4.

    Respondents could choose to self-identify with more than one group.

  5. 5.

    See: https://www.fs.usda.gov/angeles

References

  • Baerenklau, K., A. González-Cabán, C. Paez, and E. Chavez. 2010. Spatial allocation of forest recreation value. Journal of Forest Economics 16:113–126.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barbero, R., J. T. Abatzoglou, N. K. Larkin, C. A. Kolden, and B. Stocks. 2015. Climate change presents increased potential for very large fires in the contiguous United States. International Journal of Wildland Fire 24:892–899.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S., M. Simpson, L. Tyrväinen, T. Sievänen, and U. Pröbstl. 2009. European forest recreation and tourism: a handbook. Taylor and Francis, New York, New York, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Boxall, P., and J. Englin. 2008. Fire and recreation values in fire-prone forests: exploring an intertemporal amenity function using pooled RP-SP data. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 33:19–33.

    Google Scholar 

  • Byrne, J. 2012. When green is white: the cultural politics of race, nature and social exclusion in a Los Angeles urban national park. Geoforum 43:595–611.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • CDFW [California Department of Fish and Wildlife]. 2015. GIS Clearinghouse. California Lakes and Streams. https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/GIS/Clearinghouse

  • Carr, D. S., and D. J. Chavez. 1993. A qualitative approach to understanding recreation experiences: Central American recreation on the National Forests of southern California. Pages 181-194 in A. W. Ewert, D. J. Chavez, and A. W. Magill, editors. Culture, conflict, and communication in the wildland-urban interface. Westview Press, Boulder, Colorado, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chavez, D. J. 1992. Hispanic recreationists in the wildland-urban interface. Trends 29:23–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chavez, D. J. 1993. Visitor perceptions of crowding and discrimination at two National Forests in southern California. Research Paper PSW-RP-216. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chavez, D. 2002. Adaptive management in outdoor recreation: serving Hispanics in southern California. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 17:129–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chavez, D., D. Olson. 2009. Opinions of Latino outdoor recreation visitors at four urban National Forests. Environmental Practice 11:263–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Costanza, R., R. d’Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naeem, R. Oneill, J. Paruelo, R. Raskin, P. Sutton, and M. van den Belt. 1997. The value of the world’s ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253–260.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Crano, W., R. Quist, and P. L. Winter. 2008. Forest visitation, media consumption, and diverse publics: lessons for outreach. General Technical Report PSW-GTR-210. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Duffield, J., C. Neher, D. Patterson, and A. Deskins. 2013. Effects of wildfire on National Park visitation and the regional economy: a natural experiment in the northern Rockies. International Journal of Wildland Fire 22:1155–1166.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dwyer, J. 1994. Customer diversity and the future demand for outdoor recreation. General Technical Report RM-GTR-252. USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • English, D., S. Kocis, S. Zarnoch, and J. Arnold. 2002. Forest Service national visitor use monitoring process: research method documentation. General Technical Report SRS-GTR-57. USDA Forest Service, Southern Research Station, Asheville, North Carolina, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Englin, J., J. Loomis, and A. González-Cabán. 2001. The dynamic path of recreational values following a forest fire: a comparative analysis of states in the Intermountain West. The Canadian Journal of Forest Research 31:1837–1844.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Englin, J., J. McDonald, K. Moeltner. 2006. Valuing ancient forest ecosystems: an analysis of backcountry hiking in Jasper National Park. Ecological Economics 57:665–678.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fedkiw, J. 1998. Managing multiple uses on National Forests, 1905–1995: a 90-year learning experience and it isn’t finished. Technical report FS-628. USDA Forest Service, Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • FRAP [Fire and Resources Assessment Program]. 2015. California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection’s CALFIRE. Fveg15_1 vegetation data. http://frap.fire.ca.gov/data/frapgisdata-sw-fveg_download

  • Freeman, S. 2012. Ecological and economic dimensions of fire and anthropogenic disturbance in maquis woodlands of the Carmel Range: implications for planning and management. Geography Research Forum 32:62–80.

    Google Scholar 

  • George, S. L., and K. Crooks. 2006. Recreation and large mammal activity in an urban nature reserve. Biological Conservation 133:107–117.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Green, G., J. Bowker, X. Wang, K. Cordell, and C. Johnson. 2009. An examination of perceived constraints to outdoor recreation. Journal of Public Affairs and Issues 12:28–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hesseln, H., J. Loomis, A. González-Cabán, and S. Alexander. 2003. Wildfire effects on hiking and biking demand in New Mexico: a travel cost study. Journal of Environmental Management 69:359–368.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hesseln, H., J. Loomis, and A. González-Cabán. 2004. The effects of fire on recreation demand in Montana. Western Journal of Applied Forestry 19:47–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hilger, J., and J. Englin. 2009. Utility theoretic semi-logarithmic incomplete demand systems in a natural experiment: forest fire impacts on recreational values and use. Resource and Energy Economics 31:287–298.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hoover, K. 2016. Forest Service appropriations: five-year data and trends and FY2017 budget request (CRS Report No. R43417). Congressional Research Service, Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C. Y. 1998. A consideration of collective memory in African-American attachment to wildland recreation places. Human Ecology Review 5:5–15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, C., J. Bowker, and K. Cordell. 2001. Outdoor recreation constraints: an examination of race, gender, and rural dwelling. Southern Rural Sociology 17:111–133.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irland, L., D. Adams, R. Alig, C. Betz, C. Chen, M. Hutchins, and B. Sohngen. 2001. Assessing socioeconomic impacts of climate change on US forests, wood-product markets, and forest recreation. Bioscience 51:753–764.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keeley J., C. Fotheringham, and M. Moritz. 2004. Lessons from the October 2003 wildfires in southern California. Journal of Forestry 102:26–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koniak, G., E. Sheffer, and I. Noy-Meir. 2011. Recreation as an ecosystem service in open landscapes in the Mediterranean region in Israel: public preferences. Israel Journal of Ecology and Evolution 57:151–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loomis J., A. González-Cabán, and J. Englin. 2001. Testing for differential effects of forest fires on hiking and mountain biking demand and benefits. Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 26:508–522.

    Google Scholar 

  • Madsen, J., C. Radel, and J. Endter-Wada. 2014. Justice and immigrant latino recreation geography in Cache Valley, Utah. Journal of Leisure Research 46:291–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Millennium Ecosystem Assessment (MEA). 2005. Millennium ecosystem assessment synthesis report. Island Press, Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Outdoor Foundation. 2015. Outdoor recreation participation report 2015. http://www.outdoorfoundation.org/research.participation.html

  • Papaspyropoulos, K. G., C. Sokos, and P. Birtsas. 2015. The impacts of a wildfire on hunting demand: a case study of a Mediterranean ecosystem. iForest 8:95–100.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rausch, M., P. Boxall, and A. Verbyla. 2010. The development of fire-induced damage functions for forest recreation activity in Alberta, Canada. International Journal of Wildland Fire 19:63–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Restaino, C. R., and H. D. Safford. 2018. Fire and climate change. Pages 493-505 in J. W. van Wagtendonk, N. G. Sugihara, S. L. Stephens, A. E. Thode, K. E. Shaffer, and J. A. Fites-Kaufman, editors. Fire in California’s ecosystems. Second edition. University of California Press, Berkeley, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Richardson, R. B., and J. Loomis. 2004. Adaptive recreation planning and climate change: a contingent visitation approach. Ecological Economics 50:83–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Roberts, N. S., and T. Chitewere. 2011. Speaking of justice: exploring ethnic minority perspectives of the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. Environmental Practice 13:1–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sánchez, J., K. Baerenklau, and A. González-Cabán. 2016. Valuing hypothetical wildfire impacts with a Kuhn-Tucker model of recreation demand. Forest Policy and Economics 71:63–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sauvajot, R. M., M. Buechner, and D. Kamradt. 1998. Patterns of human disturbance and response by small mammals and birds in chaparral near urban development. Urban Ecosystems 2:279–297.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmitz, M. F., I. Aranzabal, and F. Pineda. 2007. Spatial analysis of visitor preferences in the outdoor recreational niche of Mediterranean cultural landscapes. Environmental Conservation 34:300–312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Scott, D., S. Herrera, and K. Hunt 2004. Constraints to outdoor recreation among ethnic and racial groups. Pages 17-20 in P. T. Tierney, and D. J. Chavez, technical coordinators. Proceedings of the 4th Social Aspects and Recreation Research Symposium, San Francisco, California, February 4-6, 2004. San Francisco State University, San Francisco, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shaw, M. R., L. Pendleton, D. Cameron, B. Morris, G. Bratman, D. Bachelet, K. Klausmeyer, J. MacKenzie, D. Conklin, J. Lenihan, E. Haunreiter, and C. Daly. 2009. The impact of climate change on California’s ecosystem services. Report CEC-500-2009-025-F, California Climate Change Center, Sacramento, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shechter, M., B. Reiser, and N. Zaitsev. 1998. Measuring passive use value: pledges, donations and CV responses in connection with an important natural resource. Environmental and Resource Economics 12:457–478.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Starbuck, C., R. Berrens, and M. McKee. 2006. Simulating changes in forest recreation demand and associated economic impacts due to fire and fuels management activities. Forest Policy and Economics 8:52–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tierney, P. T., R. Dahl, and D. J. Chavez. 1998. Cultural diversity of Los Angeles County residents using undeveloped natural areas. Research Paper PSW-RP-236. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Albany, California, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • US Census Bureau. 2014a. American FactFinder. https://www.census.gov/geo/reference/zctas.html

  • US Census Bureau. 2014b. American Community Survey, 1-Year Estimates. https://factfinder.census.gov/faces/nav/jsf/pages/searchresults.xhtml?refresh=t#none

  • USDA Forest Service. 2005a. Final environment impact statement, volume 1 land management plans: Angeles National Forest, Cleveland National Forest, Los Padres National Forest, San Bernardino National Forest. R5-MB-074-A. Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA Forest Service. 2005b. Land management plan part 2 San Bernardino National Forest strategy. R5-MB-079. Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA Forest Service. 2013. National visitor use monitoring results national summary report. http://www.fs.fed.us/recreation/programs/nvum/

  • USDA Forest Service. 2015a. Fiscal year 2016 budget overview. Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • USDA Forest Service. 2015b. National visitor use monitoring: visitor use report. Database queried for: Angeles National Forest (2006, 2011), Cleveland National Forest (2009, 2014), Los Padres National Forest (2009, 2014), and San Bernardino National Forest (2009, 2014). https://apps.fs.usda.gov/nfs/nrm/nvum/results/

  • USDA Forest Service. 2016. Fiscal year 2017 budget overview. Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vincent, C. H., L. Hanson, and J. Bjelopera. 2014. Federal land ownership: overview and data. CRS Report No. R42346. Congressional Research Service, Washington, D.C., USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Washburne, R. F. 1978. Black underparticipation in wildland recreation: alternative explanations. Leisure Sciences 1:175–189.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Washburne, R., P. Wall. 1980. Black-White ethnic differences in outdoor recreation. Research Paper INT-249. USDA Forest Service, Intermountain Forest and Range Experiment Station, Ogden, Utah, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Witztum, E. R., and D. A. Stow. 2004. Analysing direct impacts of recreation activity on coastal sage scrub habitat with very high resolution multispectral imagery. International Journal of Remote Sensing 25:3477–3496.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA

    Cloé Garnache & Frank Lupi

  2. University of California, Davis, CA, USA

    Lorie Srivastava

  3. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station, Riverside, CA, USA

    José J. Sánchez

Authors
  1. Cloé Garnache
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Lorie Srivastava
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. José J. Sánchez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Frank Lupi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Cloé Garnache .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of California, Davis, California, USA

    Emma C. Underwood

  2. USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Region, Vallejo, California, USA

    Hugh D. Safford

  3. USDA Forest Service, Los Padres National Forest, Goleta, California, USA

    Nicole A. Molinari

  4. U.S. Geological Survey, Western Ecological Research Center, Three Rivers, California, USA

    Jon E. Keeley

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Garnache, C., Srivastava, L., Sánchez, J.J., Lupi, F. (2018). Recreation Ecosystem Services from Chaparral Dominated Landscapes: A Baseline Assessment from National Forests in Southern California. In: Underwood, E., Safford, H., Molinari, N., Keeley, J. (eds) Valuing Chaparral. Springer Series on Environmental Management. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-68303-4_10

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation