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Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Polyphenols of Fruits

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Nutritional Antioxidant Therapies: Treatments and Perspectives

Abstract

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder, which leads to a series of complications in the human body including damage to the heart, blood vessels, brain and neurons, kidneys, eyes, toes, skin, and mouth. Dietary intervention with phenolic compounds has been studied extensively for the prevention of type 2 diabetes. Phenolic compounds are abundant in fruits. Phenolic extracts and isolated polyphenols from fruits have been demonstrated to have antidiabetic effects through a large number of studies with different settings, including cell-based experiments, epidemiological analyses and studies, preclinical animal studies, and human clinical trials. The mechanisms of action of antidiabetic effects of phenolic compounds include the improvement in impaired insulin sensitivity, inhibition of carbohydrate-hydrolyzing enzymes, and upregulation of glucose transport, antioxidant, and anti-inflammation. This chapter provides recent evidence on the physiological functions of fruit polyphenols in reducing the risk of type 2 diabetes in different experimental settings and model systems.

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Acknowledgments

The authors acknowledge the funding provided by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC) of Killam Chair program of Dalhousie University.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant, Food, and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture, Dalhousie University, Truro, NS, Canada, B2N 5E3

    H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe & Nileeka Balasuriya

  2. Aquatic and Crop Resource Development, National Research Council of Canada, Charlottetown, PE, Canada, C1A 4P3

    Yanwen Wang

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  1. H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe
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  2. Nileeka Balasuriya
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  3. Yanwen Wang
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Correspondence to H. P. Vasantha Rupasinghe .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Institute for Agricultural Research, Jouy-en-Josas, France

    Kaïs Hussain Al-Gubory

  2. Department of Pharmacology and Therapeut, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Colombia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Ismail Laher

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Rupasinghe, H.P.V., Balasuriya, N., Wang, Y. (2017). Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes by Polyphenols of Fruits. In: Al-Gubory, K., Laher, I. (eds) Nutritional Antioxidant Therapies: Treatments and Perspectives. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67625-8_17

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