Abstract
This chapter describes recent efforts to understand the effects that chemical and physical properties of metallic glass (MG) powder particles have on the synthesis of their cold-sprayed coatings. Understanding the mechanical response of MG is fundamental to evaluate the conditions at which their powder particles can be deposited by cold spray. The characteristics of the feedstock powders are evaluated and used to ascertain ideal cold spray parameters. This information is also used to model the deposition mechanism of metallic glasses in the cold spray process. FE analysis and simulation is used to identify the phenomena behind the formation of MG coatings (i.e., homogenous or inhomogeneous deformation). The model defined considers strain rate and temperature dependence of MGs under different conditions.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Afonin GV, Mitrofanov YP, Makarov AS, Kobelev NP, Wang WH, Khonik VA (2016) Universal relationship between crystallization-induced changes of the shear modulus and heat release in metallic glasses. Acta Mater 115:204–209. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.002
Argon AS (1979) Plastic deformation in metallic glasses. Acta Metall 27(1):47–58. https://doi.org/10.1016/0001-6160(79)90055-5
Ashby MF, Greer AL (2006) Metallic glasses as structural materials. Scr Mater 54(3):321–326. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.09.051
Assadi H, Kreye H, Gärtner F, Klassen T (2016) Cold spraying–a materials perspective. Acta Mater 116:382–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.06.034
Concustell A, Henao J, Dosta S, Cinca N, Cano IG, Guilemany JM (2015) On the formation of metallic glass coatings by means of cold gas spray technology. J Alloys Compd 651:764–772. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.07.270
Demetriou MD, Johnson WL (2004) Modeling the transient flow of undercooled glass-forming liquids. J Appl Phys 95(5):2857–2865. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1645669
Dunkley JJ (1998) Atomization: in ASM handbook, powder metal technologies and applications. ASM International, Materials Park, pp 35–52
Fauchais P, Montavon G, Bertrand G (2010) From powders to thermally sprayed coatings. J Therm Spray Technol 19:57–80
Gheiratmand T, Hosseini HM, Davami P, Sarafidis C (2016) Fabrication of FINEMET bulk alloy from amorphous powders by spark plasma sintering. Powder Technol 289:163–168. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2015.11.060
Grujicic M, Zhao CL, DeRosset WS, Helfritch D (2004) Adiabatic shear instability based mechanism for particles/substrate bonding in the cold-gas dynamic-spray process. Mater Des 25(8):681–688. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2004.03.008
Henann D, Anand L (2008) A constitutive theory for the mechanical response of amorphous metals at high temperatures spanning the glass transition temperature: application to microscale thermoplastic forming. Acta Mater 56(13):3290–3305. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2008.03.007
Henao J, Concustell A, Dosta S, Cinca N, Cano IG, Guilemany JM (2016) Influence of the substrate on the formation of metallic glass coatings by cold gas spraying. J Therm Spray Technol 25(5):992–1008. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11666-016-0419-3
Henao J, Concustell A, Dosta S, Bolelli G, Cano IG, Lusvarghi L, Guilemany JM (2017) Deposition mechanisms of metallic glass particles by cold gas spraying. Acta Mater 125:327–339. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2016.12.007
Huang R, Suo Z, Prevost JH, Nix WD (2002) Inhomogeneous deformation in metallic glasses. J Mech Phys Solids 50(5):1011–1027. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5096(01)00115-6
Inoue A (2000) Stabilization of metallic supercooled liquid and bulk amorphous alloys. Acta Mater 48(1):279–306. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(99)00300-6
Itoi T, Takamizawa T, Kawamura Y, Inoue A (2001) Fabrication of Co 40 Fe 22 Nb 8 B 30 bulk metallic glasses by consolidation of gas-atomized powders and their soft-magnetic properties. Scr Mater 45(10):1131–1137. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6462(01)01122-8
Jodoin B, Ajdelsztajn L, Sansoucy E, Zúñiga A, Richer P, Lavernia EJ (2006) Effect of particle size, morphology, and hardness on cold gas dynamic sprayed aluminum alloy coatings. Surf Coat Technol 201:3422–3429
Johnson WL (2002) Bulk amorphous metal—an emerging engineering material. JOM 54(3):40–43. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02822619
Kawamura Y, Nakamura T, Inoue A, Masumoto T (1999) High-strain-rate superplasticity due to Newtonian viscous flow in La55Al25Ni20 metallic glass. Mater Trans JIM 40(8):794–803. https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans1989.40.794
Lagogianni AE, Krausser J, Evenson Z, Samwer K, Zaccone A (2016) Unifying interatomic potential, g (r), elasticity, viscosity, and fragility of metallic glasses: analytical model, simulations, and experiments. J Stat Mech Theory Exp 2016(8):084001. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-5468/2016/08/084001
Li N, Chen W, Liu L (2016) Thermoplastic micro-forming of bulk metallic glasses: a review. JOM 68(4):1246–1261. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-1844-y
List A, Gartner F, Schmidt T, Klassen T (2012) Impact conditions for cold spraying of hard metallic glasses. J Therm Spray Technol 21:531–540
Liu Z, Chen W, Carstensen J, Ketkaew J, Mota RMO, Guest JK, Schroers J (2016) 3D metallic glass cellular structures. Acta Mater 105:35–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2015.11.057
Lu J, Ravichandran G, Johnson WL (2003) Deformation behavior of the Zr41.2Ti13.8Cu12.5Ni10Be22.5 bulk metallic glass over a wide range of strain-rates and temperatures. Acta Mater 51(12):3429–3443. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-6454(03)00164-2
Luborsky FE (1983) Metallic glass formation. In: Davies HA (ed) Amorphous metallic alloys, 1st edn. Butterworth and Co(Publishers), London
March, N.H., Tosi, M.P., (Ed.). (2002). Introduction to liquid state physics. Qualitative description of liquid properties, World Scientific, London
Meng F, Hu D, Gao Y, Yue S, Song J (2016) Cold-spray bonding mechanisms and deposition efficiency prediction for particle/substrate with distinct deformability. Mater Des 109:503–510. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.07.103
Miller MK, Liaw P (2007) Development and application of late transition metal bulk metallic glass. In: Inuoe A (ed) Bulk metallic glasses: an overview. Springer Science & Business Media, New York
Mridha S, Arora HS, Lefebvre J, Bhowmick S, Mukherjee S (2017) High temperature in situ compression of thermoplastically formed nano-scale metallic glass. JOM 69(1):39–44. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-016-1961-7
Nieh TG, Wadsworth J (2006) Homogeneous deformation of bulk metallic glasses. Scr Mater 54(3):387–392. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2005.04.052
Pauly S, Löber L, Petters R, Stoica M, Scudino S, Kühn U, Eckert J (2013) Processing metallic glasses by selective laser melting. Mater Today 16(1):37–41. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mattod.2013.01.018
Salman AD, Ghadiri M, Hounslow MJ (2007) In: Lausanne BV (ed) Handbook of powder technology, particle breakage. Elsevier, Switzerland Lausanne
Sanghoon Y, Yuming X, Hwijun K, Changhee L (2009) Dependence of initial powder temperature on impact behaviour of bulk metallic glass in a kinetic spray process. J Phys D Appl Phys 42:1–5
Schroers J (2010) Processing of bulk metallic glass. Adv Mater 22(14):1566–1597. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.200902776
Schuh CA, Hufnagel TC, Ramamurty U (2007) Mechanical behavior of amorphous alloys. Acta Mater 55(12):4067–4109. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2007.01.052
Scully JR, Gebert A, Payer JH (2007) Corrosion and related mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses. J Mater Res 22(02):302–313. https://doi.org/10.1557/jmr.2007.0051
Spaepen F, Turnbull D (1974) A mechanism for the flow and fracture of metallic glasses. Scr Metall 8(5):563–556. https://doi.org/10.1016/0036-9748(74)90070-2
Sun B, Huang RZ, Ohno N, Fukanuma H (2006) Effect of spraying parameters on stainless steel particle velocity and deposition efficiency in cold spraying. In: International thermal spray conference and exposition: science, innovation, and application. ASM International, Seattle, WA, pp 209–214
Takeuchi A, Kato H, Inoue A (2010) Vogel–Fulcher–Tammann plot for viscosity scaled with temperature interval between actual and ideal glass transitions for metallic glasses in liquid and supercooled liquid states. Intermetallics 18(4):406–411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.intermet.2009.08.015
Trexler MM, Thadhani NN (2010) Mechanical properties of bulk metallic glasses. Prog Mater Sci 55(8):759–839. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2010.04.002
Wang WH, Dong C, Shek CH (2004) Bulk metallic glasses. Mater Sci Eng R Rep 44(2):45–89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2004.03.001
Xiao-Tao L, Yu-Juan L, Chang-Jiu L (2016) A comparison of cold spray deposition behavior between gas atomized and dendritic porous electrolytic Ni powders under the same spray conditions. Mater Lett 163:58–63
Yoon S, Lee C, Choi H, Jo H (2006) Kinetic spraying deposition behavior of bulk amorphous NiTiZrSiSn feedstock. Mater Sci Eng A 415(1):45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2005.08.132
Zhong C, Zhang H, Cao QP, Wang XD, Zhang DX, Ramamurty U, Jiang JZ (2016) Deformation behavior of metallic glasses with shear band like atomic structure: a molecular dynamics study. Sci Rep 6. https://doi.org/10.1038/srep30935
Zhou X, Wu X, Mou SJ, Liu J, Zhang J (2010) Simulation of deposition behavior of bulk amorphous particles in cold spraying. Mater Trans 51(10):1977–1980. https://doi.org/10.2320/matertrans.M2010213
Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the Epson Atmix Corporation (Japan) for supplying the MG powders, the Thermal Spray Center of Barcelona, the Department of Engineering “Enzo Ferrari” (Modena, Italy), and the Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM) – campus Morelos.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Henao, J., Sharma, M.M. (2018). Characterization, Deposition Mechanisms, and Modeling of Metallic Glass Powders for Cold Spray. In: Cavaliere, P. (eds) Cold-Spray Coatings. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67183-3_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67183-3_8
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67182-6
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-67183-3
eBook Packages: Chemistry and Materials ScienceChemistry and Material Science (R0)