Skip to main content

Can SQ and EQ Values and Their Difference Indicate Programming Aptitude to Reduce Dropout Rate?

Part of the Communications in Computer and Information Science book series (CCIS,volume 767)

Abstract

A crucial problem that we are currently facing at the Faculty of Computing of the University of Latvia is that during the first study semester on average 30% of the first-year students drop out, whereas after the first year of studies the number of dropouts increases up to nearly 50%. Thus, our overall goal is to determine in advance applicants that most likely will not finish the first study year successfully. A hypothesis formulated in another research study was that programming aptitude could be predicted based on the results of two personality self-report questionnaires − Systemizing Quotient (SQ) and Empathy Quotient (EQ) − taken by students. The difference between the SQ and EQ scores had a strong correlation with grades received for programming test. We reproduced the circumstances of mentioned empirical study with our first-year students using similar tests to calculate SQ and EQ, and semester grades in introductory programming course as a quantitative measure to evaluate programming ability. In this paper, we elaborate on the empirical setting, measures, and estimation methods of our study, which produced the results that made us call the stated hypothesis into question and disprove it.

Keywords

  • Programming aptitude
  • Systemizing quotient
  • Empathy quotient
  • Correlation
  • Dropout rate

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Buying options

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67162-8_28
  • Chapter length: 9 pages
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
eBook
USD   79.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • ISBN: 978-3-319-67162-8
  • Instant PDF download
  • Readable on all devices
  • Own it forever
  • Exclusive offer for individuals only
  • Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout
Softcover Book
USD   99.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.

References

  1. Araque, F., Roldán, C., Salguero, A.: Factors influencing university drop out rates. Comput. Edu. 53(3), 563–574 (2009)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  2. Baron-Cohen, S., Richler, J., Bisarya, D., Gurunathan, N., Wheelwright, S.: The Systemizing Quotient: an investigation of adults with asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. Philos. Trans. Royal Soc. B: Biol. Sci. 358(1430), 361–374 (2003)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  3. Baron-Cohen, S., Wheelwright, S.: The empathy quotient: an investigation of adults with asperger syndrome or high-functioning autism, and normal sex differences. J. Autism Develop. Disord. 34(2), 163–175 (2004)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  4. Belloc, F., Maruotti, A., Petrella, L.: University drop-out: an Italian experience. High. Edu. 60(2), 127–138 (2010)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  5. Bishop-Clark, C., Wheeler, D.D.: The Myers-Briggs personality type and its relationship to computer programming. J. Res. Comput. Edu. 26(3), 358–370 (1994)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  6. Borzovs, J., Niedrite, L., Solodovnikova, D.: Computer programming aptitude test as a tool for reducing student attrition. Environment. Technology. Resources. In: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference, vol. 3, pp. 29–35 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  7. Borzovs, J., Niedrite, L., Solodovnikova, D.: Factors affecting attrition among first year computer science students: the case of University of Latvia. Environment. Technology. Resources. In: Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference vol. 3, pp. 36–42 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Carl Jung’s and Isabel Briggs Myers’ typology test. http://www.humanmetrics.com/hr/you/personalitytype.aspx Accessed 09 June 2017

  9. Dehnadi, S., Bornat, R.: The camel has two humps (2006). http://www.eis.mdx.ac.uk/research/PhDArea/saeed/paper1.pdf Accessed 09 June 2017

  10. Empathy Quotient (EQ) for Adults: Empathy Quotient (EQ-60) - paper version, EQ scoring key (EQ-60). https://www.autismresearchcentre.com/arc_tests Accessed 09 June 2017

  11. Grebennikov, L., Shah, M.: Investigating attrition trends in order to improve student retention. Qual. Assur. Edu. 20(3), 223–236 (2012)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  12. Klavins, A.: Evaluation of potential students of computer programming by using relevance between systemizing quotient and empathy quotient (Master thesis in Latvian). https://dspace.lu.lv/dspace/handle/7/33213 Accessed 09 June 2017

  13. Lorenzen, T., Chang, H.-L.: Mastermind©: A predictor of computer programming aptitude. SIGCSE Bull. 38(2), 69–71 (2006)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  14. Paura, L., Arhipova, I.: Cause analysis of students’ dropout rate in higher education study program. Procedia-Soc. Behav. Sci. 109, 1282–1286 (2014)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  15. RStudio homepage. https://www.rstudio.com Accessed 09 June 2017

  16. Systemizing Quotient (SQ) (Adult): Systemizing Quotient (SQ), SQ scoring key. https://www.autismresearchcentre.com/arc_tests Accessed 09 June 2017

  17. Tukiainen, M., Mönkkönen, E.: Programming aptitude testing as a prediction of learning to program. In: Proceedings of the 14th Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group, pp. 45–57 (2002)

    Google Scholar 

  18. University of Kent. Computer programming aptitude test. http://www.kent.ac.uk/careers/tests/computer-test.htm Accessed 09 June 2017

  19. Wheelwright, S., Baron-Cohen, S., Goldenfeld, N., et al.: Predicting autism Spectrum Quotient (AQ) from the Systemizing Quotient-revised (SQ-R) and Empathy Quotient (EQ). Brain Res. 1079(1), 47–56 (2006)

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  20. Wray, S.: SQ minus EQ can predict programming aptitude. In: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Workshop of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group, pp. 243–254 (2007)

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Juris Borzovs , Natalija Kozmina , Laila Niedrite , Darja Solodovnikova , Uldis Straujums or Janis Zuters .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Borzovs, J. et al. (2017). Can SQ and EQ Values and Their Difference Indicate Programming Aptitude to Reduce Dropout Rate?. In: , et al. New Trends in Databases and Information Systems. ADBIS 2017. Communications in Computer and Information Science, vol 767. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67162-8_28

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67162-8_28

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67161-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-67162-8

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)