Abstract
Decision making is a key cognitive process in all aspects of human life, professional as well as private life. The goals of this chapter are threefold. First, the chapter provides a short theoretical background on decision-making research highlighting the need for more comprehensive models of decision making. Whereas decision-making research has focused for a long time on simple choices, recent research has investigated the decision-making process in complex, uncertain, and dynamic situations. Second, the chapter discusses one methodology especially suited for the study of dynamic decision making. The methodology consists of situations that have been simulated on the computer and have been called, for example, microworlds, virtual environments, or serious strategy games. Third, and most importantly, the chapter will discuss new empirical research on how culture influences dynamic decision making both in microworlds and in the real world. Such findings contribute to a more comprehensive theory of decision making and allow for a better understanding of decision-making conflicts. Finally, applications of these findings are discussed, and can be utilized for cultural competence training programs or international work teams.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Berry, J.W.: An ecocultural perspective on the development of competence. In: Sternberg, R.J., Grigorenko, E.L. (eds.) Culture and Competence, pp. 3–22. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC (2004)
Boone, L., Kurtz, D.: Essentials of Contemporary Business. Wiley, Hoboken, NJ (2014)
Brehmer, B.: Dynamic decision making: human control of complex systems. Acta Physiol. 81(3), 211–241 (1992). doi:10.1016/0001-6918(92)90019-A
Brehmer, B., Dörner, D.: Experiments with computer-simulated microworlds: escaping both the narrow straits of the laboratory and the deep blue sea of the field study. Comput. Hum. Behav. 9, 171–184 (1993). doi:10.1016/0747-5632(93)90005-D
Charles, C., Gafni, A., Whelan, T.: Shared decision-making in the medical encounter: what does it mean? (or it takes at least two to tango). Soc. Sci. Med. 44, 681–692 (1997). doi:10.1016/S0277-9536(96)00221-3
Cole, M.: Cultural Psychology. A Once and Future Discipline. Belknap and Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (1996)
D’Andrade, R.G.: The cultural part of cognition. Cogn. Sci. 5, 179–195 (1981)
Dörner, D.: The Logic of Failure. Holt, New York (1996)
Dörner, D.: Bauplan für eine Seele [Blueprint for a soul]. Rowohlt, Reinbek (1999)
Dörner, D., Gerdes, J.: SchokoFin. Computerprogramm [Choco Fine. Computer program]. Institut für Theoretische Psychologie, Universität Bamberg, Germany (2003)
Dörner, D., Güss, C.D.: A psychological analysis of Adolf Hitler’s decision making as Commander in Chief: Summa confidentia et nimius metus. Rev. Gen. Psychol. 15(1), 37–49 (2011). doi:10.1037/a0022375
Dörner, D., Güss, C.D.: PSI: a computational architecture of the human soul. Rev. Gen. Psychol. 17, 297–317 (2013). doi:10.1037/a0032947
Dörner, D., Kreuzig, H.W., Reither, F., Stäudel, T.: Lohausen. Vom Umgang mit Unbestimmtheit und Komplexität. [Lohausen. On managing uncertainty and complexity]. Hans Huber, Bern (1983)
Dörner, D., Stäudel, T., Strohschneider, S.: MORO—Programmdokumentation. Universität, Lehrstuhl Psychologie II, Bamberg, Germany (1986)
Fama, E.F.: Market efficiency, long-term returns, and behavioral finance. J. Financ. Econ. 49, 283–306 (1998). doi:10.1016/S0304-405X(98)00026-9
Frensch, P., Funke, J. (eds.): Complex Problem Solving: The European Perspective. Lawrence Erlbaum, Hillsdale, NJ (1995)
Funke, J.: Problemlösendes Denken [Problem solving thinking]. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart (2003)
Funke, J.: Complex problem solving: a case for complex cognition? Cogn. Process. 11, 133–142 (2010). doi:10.1007/s10339-009-0345-0
Gerdes, J., Dörner, D. Pfeiffer E.: Interaktive Computersimulation “WINFIRE” [The interactive computer simulation “WINFIRE”]. Otto-Friedrich-Universität Bamberg: Lehrstuhl Psychologie II, Bamberg, Germany (1993)
Gong, M., Krantz, D.H., Weber, E.U.: Why Chinese discount future financial and environmental gains but not losses more than Americans. J. Risk Uncertainty 49(2), 103–124 (2014). doi:10.1007/s11166-014-9200-5
Gonzalez, C., Lerch, F.J., Lebiere, C.: Instance-based learning in dynamic decision making. Cogn. Sci. 27, 591–635 (2003). doi:10.1016/S0364-0213(03)00031-4
Goodrich, K., de Mooij, M.: How ‘social’ are social media? A cross-cultural comparison of online and offline purchase decision influences. J. Mark. Commun. 20, 103–116 (2014). doi:10.1080/13527266.2013.797773
Guan, Y., Chen, S.X., Levin, N., … Han, X.: Differences in career decision-making profiles between American and Chinese university students: the relative strength of mediating mechanisms across cultures. J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 46, 856–872 (2015). doi:10.1177/0022022115585874
Güss, C.D.: Planen und Kultur? [Planning and culture?] Lengerich. Pabst Science Publishers, Germany (2000)
Güss, C.D.: Fire and ice: testing a model on cultural values and complex problem solving. J. Cross Cult. Psychol. 42, 1279–1298 (2011). doi:10.1177/0022022110383320
Güss, C.D.: Kulturvergleichende Psychologie [Cross-cultural Psychology]. In: Schütz, A., Brand, M., Selg, H., Lautenbacher, S. (eds.) Psychologie. Eine Einführung in ihre Grundlagen und Anwendungsfelder (5., überarbeitete und erweiterte Auflage), pp. 550–562. KohlhammerStuttgart, Germany (2015)
Güss, C.D., Robinson, B.: Predicted causality in decision making: the role of culture. Front. Psychol. 5, 479 (2014). doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00479
Güss, C.D., Wiley, B.: Metacognition of problem-solving strategies in Brazil, India, and the United States. J. Cogn. Cult. 7(1–2), 1–25 (2007). doi:10.1163/156853707X171793
Hofstede, G.: Culture’s consequences. Sage, Beverly Hills, CA (1980)
Hofstede, G.: Culture’s Consequences, 2nd edn. Sage, Thousand Oaks, CA (2001)
Kahneman, D., Tversky, A.: Prospect Theory: an analysis of decision under risk. Econometrica 47, 263–291 (1979). doi:10.2307/1914185
Kahneman, D., Tversky, A.: On the psychology of prediction. Psychol. Rev. 80, 237–251 (1973). doi:10.1037/h0034747
Lave, J.: Situating learning in communities of practice. In: Resnick, L.B., Levine, J.M., Teasley, S.D. (eds.) Perspectives on Socially Shared Cognition, pp. 63–82. American Psychological Association, Washington, DC (1991)
Lave, J., Wenger, E.: Situated Learning: Legitimate Peripheral Participation. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (1991)
Leontiev, A.N.: Activity. Consciousness. Personality. Prentice Hall, Engelwood Cliffs, NJ (1978)
Li, L.W., Masuda, T., Russell, M.J.: Culture and decision-making: investigating cultural variations in the East Asian and North American online decision-making processes. Asian J. Soc. Psychol. 18(3), 183–191 (2015). doi:10.1111/ajsp.12099
Løvborg, L. Brehmer, B.: NEWFIRE—A flexible system for running simulated fire fighting experiments. in: Risø National Laboratory, Risø-M-2953, Denmark (1991).
Marshall, R., Huan, T.C., Xu, Y., Nam, I.: Extending prospect theory cross-culturally by examining switching behavior in consumer and business-to-business contexts. J. Bus. Res. 64(8), 871–878 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.jbusres.2010.09.009
Omodei, M.M., Wearing, A.J.: Fire Chief (Version 2.2) [Computer program]. University of Melbourne, Department of Psychology, Melbourne, Australia (1993)
Putz-Osterloh, W.: Über die Beziehung zwischen Testintelligenzund Problemlöseerfolg. Z. Psychol. 189, 79–100 (1981)
Putz-Osterloh, W.: Strategies for knowledge acquisition and transfer of knowledge in dynamic tasks. In: Strube, G., Wender, K.-F. (eds.) The Cognitive Psychology of Knowledge, pp. 331–335. Elsevier, Amsterdam (1993)
Resnick, L.B.: Situated rationalism: Biological and social preparation for learning. In: Hirschfeld, L.A., Gelman, S.A. (eds.) Mapping the Mind. Domain Specificity in Cognition and Culture, pp. 474–493. Cambridge University Press, New York, NY (1994)
Schmid, U., Ragni, M., Gonzalez, C., Funke, J.: The challenge of complexity for cognitive systems. Cogn. Syst. Res. 12, 211–218 (2011). doi:10.1016/j.cogsys.2010.12.007
Schwartz, S.H., Boehnke, K.: Evaluating the structure of human values with confirmatory factor analysis. J. Res. Pers. 38, 230–255 (2004). doi:10.1016/S0092-6566(03)00069-2
Shleifer, A.: Inefficient Markets: An Introduction to Behavioral Finance. Oxford University Press, New York, NY (2000)
Singelis, T.M., Triandis, H.C., Bhawuk, D.S., Gelfand, M.J.: Horizontal and vertical dimensions of individualism and collectivism: a theoretical and measurement refinement. Cross Cult. Res. 29, 240–275 (1995). doi:10.1177/106939719502900302
Smith, P., Bond, M.H., Kagitcibasi, C.: Understanding Social Psychology Across Cultures: Living and Working in a Changing World. Sage, London (2006)
Sperber, D., Hirschfeld, L.A.: The cognitive foundations of cultural stability and diversity. Trends Cogn. Sci. 8, 40–46 (1999). doi:10.1016/j.tics.2003.11.002
Strohschneider, S.: Zur Stabilität und Validität von Handeln in komplexen Realitätsbereichen. Sprache Kognition 5, 42–48 (1986)
Strohschneider, S., Güss, D.: The fate of the Moros: a cross-cultural exploration of strategies in complex and dynamic decision making. Int. J. Psychol. 34, 235–252 (1999). doi:10.1080/002075999399873
Su, N.M., Wang, Y., Mark, G., Aiyelokuin, T., Nakano, T.A.: Bosom buddy afar brings a distant land near: are bloggers a global community? in: Proceedings of the Second National Conference of Communities and Technologies, June 13–16, pp. 171–190. Milano, Italy (2005)
Takeuchi, J., Kass, S.J., Schneider, S.K., VanWormer, L.: Virtual and face-to-face teamwork differences in culturally homogeneous and heterogeneous teams. J. Psychol. Issues Organ. Cult. 4, 17–34 (2013). doi:10.1002/jpoc.21112
Tversky, A., Kahneman, D.: Judgment under uncertainty: heuristics and biases. Science 185(4157), 1124–1131 (1974)
Viale, R., Andler, D., Hirschfeld, L.A. (eds.): Biological and Cultural Bases of Human Inference. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Mahwah NJ—London (2006)
Vygotsky, L.S.: Mind in Society: The Development of Higher Psychological Processes. Harvard University Press, Cambridge, MA (1978)
Weber, E.U., Hsee, C.K.: Culture and individual judgment and decision making. Appl. Psychol. Int. Rev. 49, 32–61 (2000). doi:10.1111/1464-0597.00005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dominik Güss, C., Teta, E. (2018). Dynamic Decision Making Across Cultures. In: Faucher, C. (eds) Advances in Culturally-Aware Intelligent Systems and in Cross-Cultural Psychological Studies. Intelligent Systems Reference Library, vol 134. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67024-9_16
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-67024-9_16
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-67022-5
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-67024-9
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)