Abstract
This chapter explores lived experiences within local communities as settings of socialisation; offering insights into participants’ social worlds in which isolation, poverty, and limited opportunities to self-actualise are ordinary. It is within this context that participants’ community orientation develops and—at the same time—shapes their outcomes. Orientation is appreciated from the point of view of the developmental-psychologist Gordon Neufeld. It is a fundamental human need and basal instinct that underlies individuals’ sense of safety, presence, and belonging to a wider social group that occupies a geographic space; that is, a local community.
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- 1.
German Berrios—a professor of psychiatry at Cambridge University—is well known for his seminal research surrounding the psychiatric complications of neurological disease and the history, structure, and epistemological power of descriptive psychopathology.
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Edward Ludwig ‘Ed’ Glaeser—a professor of economics at Harvard University—has published widely on cities, economic growth, law, and economics. In particular, his work has focused on the determinants of city growth and the role of cities as centres of idea transmission.
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Marcus Garvey—an astute champion of pan-Africanism—is credited with founding the Universal Negro Improvement Association and African Communities League (UNIA–ACL). He advanced a pan-African ideology known as Garveyism to inspire a global mass movement and economic empowerment focusing on Africa.
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George Padmore (né Malcolm Nurse)—a revered pan-Africanist and the author of How Britain Rules Africa (1936)—is well known for helping to organise the conference in Germany that launched a Comintern-backed international organisation of black labour groups known as the International Trade Union Committee of Negro Workers.
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Alexander ‘Alex’ Haley—the author of Roots: The Saga of an American Family (1976)—contributed in an unprecedented way to raising public awareness of African-American history and inspired a broad interest in genealogy and family history. In 1977 the NAACP awarded him the Spingarn Medal for his research and literary skills.
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Roots tells the story of Kunta Kinte, an eighteenth-century African who was captured as an adolescent and sold into slavery in the United States. The book spent forty-six weeks on the New York Times Bestseller List. Along with its television adaptation, Roots (1977), it became a cultural sensation in the Americas. The last seven chapters were adapted into a second television series, Roots: The Next Generations, in 1979.
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Gordon Neufeld is known for his contribution to contemporary developmental psychology and pioneering work that gave rise to the Neufeld approach—an attachment-based model that borrows from John Bowlby’s attachment theory.
Bibliography
Berrios, G. (1982). Disorientation States and Psychiatry. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 23(5), 479–491. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-440x(82)90161-4.
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Maduro, W.E. (2018). Community: Community Orientation. In: Caribbean Achievement in Britain. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65476-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-65476-8_4
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