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Lithic Technological Organization and Paleoenvironmental Change pp 91–122Cite as

Human Adaptive Responses to Environmental Change During the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition in the Japanese Archipelago

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Part of the book series: Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation ((STHE,volume 9))

Abstract

It is well known that environmental conditions from the Late Pleniglacial to the Preboreal fluctuated abruptly. To explain lithic technological and human behavioral change for this period, the influence of environmental changes driven by climatic fluctuation should be addressed. This paper discusses human adaptive responses to environmental change during the Pleistocene-Holocene transition (19,000 ~ 10,000 cal BP) in the Japanese archipelago, compiling radiocarbon ages that have recently accumulated throughout this archipelago and analyzing diachronic and interregional variability of lithic technology, its organizational characteristics, and its role in reflecting human responses to environmental change. Through these analyses, we consider human behavioral variation within the context of paleoenvironmental changes during this transitional period.

As the result, some points of lithic technological change of this period should be plausibly explained by environmental condition. Jomon pottery and lithic technology as supported by flake reduction, suitable to a more sedentary way of life in relatively small foraging areas, appeared at the same time with the onset of the Bølling/Allerød across Paleo-Honshu Island. This should be supposed the Bølling/Allerød abrupt environmental amelioration brought about by forest environment and must have had a strong impact that caused human populations to shift to a new Holocene type of hunting behavior in the forest environment.

On the other hand, lithic technologies in Hokkaido (northernmost region of Japan) were clearly different from those in Honshu. Most typical attributes of Jomon lithic assemblage such as arrowheads and archaeological features including pit dwellings did not appear in Hokkaido until the onset of the Holocene due to delayed climatic amelioration, yet they already appeared at the onset of the Late Glacial in Honshu.

Also between the other regions in Honshu, there are some regional differences in the Jomon lithic technology and occupation intensity. It is likely that most of this regional variation is a reflection of adaptation to spatiotemporally variable environments.

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Acknowledgments

I am grateful to Drs. Erick Robinson (University of Wyoming) and Frédéric Sellet (University of Kansas) for their invitation to participate in the SAA symposium in Honolulu and to this exciting book. We deeply thank Drs. Dai Kunikita (The University of Tokyo) and Yuichiro Kudo (National Museum of Japanese History) for advising on radiocarbon dating and Drs. Daigo Natsuki (The University of Tokyo) and Shogo Osawa (Nara National Research Institute for Cultural Properties) for helping us prepare this paper.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Monuments and Sites Division, Agency for Cultural Affairs-Japan, Tokyo, Japan

    Kazuki Morisaki

  2. Archaeology Laboratory, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Tokyo, Japan

    Masami Izuho

  3. Department of Archaeology, Faculty of Letters, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan

    Hiroyuki Sato

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  1. Kazuki Morisaki
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  2. Masami Izuho
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  3. Hiroyuki Sato
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Correspondence to Kazuki Morisaki .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Anthropology, University of Wyoming, Laramie, Wyoming, USA

    Erick Robinson

  2. Department of Anthropology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA

    Frédéric Sellet

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Morisaki, K., Izuho, M., Sato, H. (2018). Human Adaptive Responses to Environmental Change During the Pleistocene-Holocene Transition in the Japanese Archipelago. In: Robinson, E., Sellet, F. (eds) Lithic Technological Organization and Paleoenvironmental Change. Studies in Human Ecology and Adaptation, vol 9. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64407-3_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64407-3_6

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