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Anglo-Indians: Buying into Nationhood?

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Abstract

Andrews focuses on Asansol, a small industrial city (coal, iron and steel) by Indian standards but one of the fastest growing in the state of West Bengal. Its significant railway junction, in particular, accounts for the presence of an Anglo-Indian community that, unlike those in other parts of the state, tend to own their homes and put down roots in India. Andrews’ ethnographic investigation tests the idea that, at least in part, this is a result of a growing sense of citizenship in the local Anglo-Indian community. She asks whether they are involved in any level of governance, administration and decision-making, and whether the minority status of their cultural and religious affiliations is still significant. The discussion illuminates various aspects of ‘modern’ India, such as a transnational workforce; economic changes, such as property speculation and development; the effect of cultural and religious differences; and the impact this has had on this community.

I am grateful to the Anglo-Indians of Asansol for their cooperation. I also wish to thank Italo Pardo and Giuliana B. Prato for inviting me to contribute to this volume, and both them and anonymous reviewers for their comments. I am grateful to Massey University for research funding and leave.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    For more about the project, see the report at http://www.international-journal-of-anglo-indian-studies.org/index.php/IJAIS/article/view/53

  2. 2.

    One of the measures used in judging this, I later learned, was the amount of funding the branch had applied for, and received, for road repairs and construction, as well as street lighting, and even for such things as extra water taps for public use. These additions benefited the entire area, not just Anglo-Indians.

  3. 3.

    For a detailed discussion of India’s secul arism, see Chatterjee (1995).

  4. 4.

    Anglo-Indians been not been enumerated in India’s national ten-yearly census since 1951 so there is no reliable demographic data on the current numbers of Anglo-Indians in India . An indication of the uncertainty in population numbers is the fact that Frank Anthony (Anglo-Indian member of parliament and leader of the AIAIA) puts forward different figures for the population at the time of independence: he says that officially it was about 140,000 (1969:203), but he also uses the figure of “about 300,000 souls” (1969, viii),and says he believes the real figure to be between 250,000 and 300,000 (1969, 9).

  5. 5.

    Laura Bear (2007) in her research has drawn on their employment circumstances, including these living arrangements, to refer to Anglo-Indians as belonging to the railway caste.

  6. 6.

    It appears from a web-based search that a system of pay scales for government employees is in effect (see: http://finmin.nic.in/6cpc/), with the most noticeable rise in salaries occurring in the 1970s with the third pay scale. The seventh, renamed a ‘pay matrix’, was introduced on 1 January 2016.

  7. 7.

    St Jude is known as the patron saint of hope and impossible causes. The date was selected deliberately.

  8. 8.

    The area known as Hillview is roughly bordered by Chelidanga Road (now renamed Mother Teresa Road), Buddha Road, GT (Great Trunk) Road and SR Gorai Road.

  9. 9.

    At the time of writing, Rs2500 converts to USD37.

  10. 10.

    Of course many middle-class Indians also like their children to go to the West. This is a post-colonial process affecting numerous Indians. The difference between Anglo-Indians and Indians, though, is that the former feel they have historical and biological links to the West and, mostly, they have not felt the same attachmen t to India.

  11. 11.

    CPI refers to the political party, the Communist Party of India, which held office in West Bengal for more than 30 years.

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Andrews, R. (2018). Anglo-Indians: Buying into Nationhood?. In: Pardo, I., Prato, G. (eds) The Palgrave Handbook of Urban Ethnography. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64289-5_24

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64289-5_24

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