Abstract
Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) is a rare form of childhood leukemia, but cure rates for pediatric APL have dramatically improved due to the availability of disease-specific (targeted) treatments. Traditional cytotoxic chemotherapy is now combined with all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) and, more recently, arsenic trioxide (ATO) to result in relapse rates lower than other subtypes of acute myeloid leukemia. APL, however, is unique among the subtypes of pediatric leukemia for its increased risk of early death which may result from coagulopathy or differentiation syndrome. White blood cell count at diagnosis has been utilized to distinguish two risk groups (standard and high risk) on recent pediatric clinical trials to allow risk-adapted therapy. Current research efforts focus on the incorporation of ATO into treatment regimens and further defining risk factors for early death and relapse.
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Kutny, M.A., Testi, A.M. (2018). APL in Children. In: Abla, O., Lo Coco, F., Sanz, M. (eds) Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-64257-4_14
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