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Essentials of Hypertension pp 1–38Cite as

Risks of High Blood Pressure and Goals for Treatment

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Abstract

The perception of the deleterious consequences of high blood pressure (BP) has progressed slowly since the discovering of how to measure BP by a noninvasive method. BP of civilized populations was already high when BP started to be measured, because of the human maladaptation to sodium overload. Only primitive civilizations unexposed to abnormal sodium load had the real normal BP of human beings, and it was around 110/60 mmHg. Cohort studies with relatively short duration did not capture the long-lasting consequences of high BP. Stroke and coronary heart disease were firstly detected. More recently it has become evident that life span shortening, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction, aortic stenosis, dementias, chronic kidney disease, and other illnesses of elderly people are mostly determined by high BP. This chapter follows this history and presents the proof of evidence that BP equal or higher than 120/80 mmHg should be the threshold to guide the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of hypertension.

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  1. Division of Cardiology, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil

    Flávio Danni Fuchs

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  1. Flávio Danni Fuchs
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Fuchs, F.D. (2018). Risks of High Blood Pressure and Goals for Treatment. In: Essentials of Hypertension. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63272-8_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-63272-8_1

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