Skip to main content

Discussion on Empirical, Traditional, and Alternative Treatments

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Vitiligo
  • 972 Accesses

Abstract

Alternative treatments, such as traditional Chinese products, plant-derived photosensitizing agents, and herbal and vitamin supplements, can certainly improve therapeutic outcomes in vitiligo.

Traditional Chinese medicine is currently attracting interest in dermatological research looking at the possible development of new drugs. This approach is supported by the political strategies of Western medicine community toward China.

The pro-melanogenic effect may be related to antioxidant or anti-inflammatory properties; however, the main limitation of the published studies concerns the non-complete list of the used products as well as their chemical composition. Similarly, the effectiveness of melagenin is still lacking the knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of repigmentation. On the basis of the in vitro study on immunomodulatory action, aspirin and statins may be considered for the treatment.

More controlled studies should be performed before considering most of the new emerging options based on unconventional drug or combinatory approaches.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 109.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Hardcover Book
USD 139.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Cohen BE, Elbuluk N, Mu EW, Orlow SJ. Alternative systemic treatments for vitiligo: a review. Am J Clin Dermatol. 2015;16:463–74.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Jin QX, Wj M, Zs D, et al. Clinical efficacy observation of combined treatment with Chinese traditional medicine and western medicine for 407 cases of vitiligo. Biomed Res. 1983;12:9–11.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Liu ZJ, Xiang YP. Clinical observation on treatment of vitiligo with xiaobai mixture. Chinese J Integr Trad Western Med. 2003;23:596–8.

    Google Scholar 

  4. The Cochrane Collaboration. 2014. http://www.cochrane.org/.

  5. Chen YJ, Chen YY, Wu CY, Chi CC. Oral Chinese herbal medicine in combination with phototherapy for vitiligo: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Complement Ther Med. 2016;26:21–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Hofer A, Kerl H, Wolf P. Long-term results in the treatment of vitiligo with oral khellin plus UVA. Eur J Dermatol. 2001;11:225–9.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  7. Ortel B, Tanew A, Honigsmann H. Treatment of vitiligo with khellin and ultraviolet A. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1988;18:693–701.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. De Leeuw J, Assen YJ, van der Beek N, et al. Treatment of vitiligo with khellin liposomes, ultraviolet light and blister roof transplantation. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2011;25:74–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Khemis A, Ortonne JP. Comparative study of vegetable extracts possessing active superoxide dismutase and catalase (Vitix) plus selective UVB phototherapy versus an excipient plus selective UVB phototherapy in the treatment of common vitiligo. Nouvelles Dermatologiques. 2004;23:45–6.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Suite M, Quamina DB. Treatment of vitiligo with topical melagenine - a human placental extract. J Am Acad Dermatol. 1991;24:1018–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Xu AE, Wei XD. Topical melagenin for repigmentation in twenty-two child patients with vitiligo on the scalp. Chin Med J. 2004;117:199–201.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Chiu ML, O’Keefe EJ. Placental keratinocyte growth factor: partial purification and comparison with epidermal growth factor. Arch Biochem Biophys. 1989;269:75–85.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wilkes BM, Susin M, Mento PF. Localization of endothelin-1-like immunoreactivity in human placenta. J Histochem Cytochem. 1993;41:535–41.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Pal P, Roy R, Datta PK, et al. Hydroalcoholic human placental extracts: skin pigmenting activity and gross chemical composition. Int J Dermatol. 1995;34:61–6.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Zhao D, Li Y, Wang P, et al. Melagenin modulates proliferation and differentiation of melanoblasts. Int J Mol Med. 2008;22:193–7.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Maniglia FP, Costa JA. Effects of Acetylsalicylic acid usage on inflammatory and oxidative stress markers in hemodialysis patients. Inflammation. 2015. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-015-0244-8.

  17. Berg K, Langaas M, Ericsson M, et al. Acetylsalicylic acid treatment until surgery reduces oxidative stress and inflammation in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting. Eur J Cardiothorac Surg. 2013;43:1154–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Zailaie MZ. Short- and long-term effects of acetylsalicylic acid treatment on the proliferation and lipid peroxidation of skin cultured melanocytes of active vitiligo. Saudi Med J. 2004;25:1656–63.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Zailaie MZ. The effect of acetylsalicylic acid on the release rates of leukotrienes B4 and C4 from cultured melanocytes of active vitiligo. Saudi Med J. 2004;25:1439–44.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Zailaie MZ. Decreased proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells from vitiligo patients following aspirin treatment. Saudi Med J. 2005;26:799–805.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Zailaie MZ. Aspirin reduces serum anti-melanocyte antibodies and soluble interleukin-2 receptors in vitiligo patients. Saudi Med J. 2005;26:1085–92.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Jian Z, Tang L, Yi X, et al. Aspirin induces Nrf2-mediated transcriptional activation of haem oxygenase-1 in protection of human melanocytes from H2O2-induced oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med. 2016;20:1307–18.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Noel M, Gagné C, Bergeron J, et al. Positive pleiotropic effects of HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor on vitiligo. Lipids Health Dis. 2004;3:7–11.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Namazi MR. Statins: novel additions to the dermatologic arsenal? Exp Dermatol. 2004;13:337–9.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Neuhaus O, Strasser-Fachs S, Fazekas F, et al. Statins as immunomodulators – comparison with interferon-β1b in MS. Neurology. 2002;59:990–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Agarwal P, Rashighi M, Essien KI, et al. Simvastatin prevents and reverses depigmentation in a mouse model of vitiligo. J Invest Dermatol. 2015;135:1080–8.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Tsuji T, Hamada T. Topically administered fluorouracil in vitiligo. Arch Dermatol. 1983;119:722–7.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Sethi S, Mahajan BB, Gupta RR, Ohri A. Comparative evaluation of therapeutic efficacy of dermabrasion, dermabrasion combined with topical 5% 5-fluorouracil cream, and dermabrasion combined with topical placentrex gel in localized stable vitiligo. Int J Dermatol. 2007;46:875–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Anbar TS, Westerhof W, Abdel-Rahman AT, et al. Effect of one session of ERG:YAG laser ablation plus topical 5Fluorouracil on the outcome of short-term NB-UVB phototherapy in the treatment of non-segmental vitiligo: a left-right comparative study. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2008;24:322–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Gauthier Y, Anbar T, Lepreux S, et al. Possible mechanisms by which topical 5-Fluorouracil and dermabrasion could induce pigment spread in vitiligo skin: an experimental study. ISRN Dermatol. 2013;2013:852497. https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/852497.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  31. Tsuji T, Karasek MA. Differential effects of 5-fluorouracil on human skin melanocytes and malignant melanoma cells in vitro. Acta Derm Venereol. 1986;66:474–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Morelli JG, Yohn JJ, Lyons MB, et al. Leukotrienes C4 and D4 as potent mitogens for cultured human neonatal melanocytes. J Investig Dermatol. 1989;93:719–22.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Jeon S, Kim NH, Koo BS, et al. Bee venom stimulates human melanocyte proliferation, melanogenesis, dendriticity and migration. Exp Mol Med. 2007;39:603–13.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Lin Z, Liao Y, Venkatasamy R, et al. Amides from Piper nigrum L. with dissimilar effects on melanocytes proliferation in vitro. Pharm Pharmacol. 2007;59:529–36.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Parsad D, Pandhi R, Dogra S, et al. Topical prostaglandin analog (PGE2) in vitiligo-a preliminary study. Int J Dermatol. 2002;41:942–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Kapoor R, Phiske MM, Jerajani HR. Evaluation of safety and efficacy of topical prostaglandin E2 in treatment of vitiligo. Br J Dermatol. 2009;160:861–3.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Anbar TS, El-Ammawi TS, Abdel-Rahman AT, Hanna MR. The effect of Latanoprost on vitiligo: a preliminary comparative study. Int J Dermatol. 2015;54:587–93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Mauro Picardo .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2019 Springer Nature Switzerland AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Picardo, M. (2019). Discussion on Empirical, Traditional, and Alternative Treatments. In: Picardo, M., Taïeb, A. (eds) Vitiligo. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62960-5_44

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62960-5_44

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-62958-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-62960-5

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics