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Molecular Classification and Prognostic Signatures of Breast Tumors

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Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery

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Abstract

Breast cancer is a complex and heterogeneous disease where tumors of the same apparent prognostic type can vary widely in their responsiveness to therapy and survival rates. Traditionally the classification of breast cancer is performed based on clinical-histopathological parameters, such as age, tumor size, histological grade, lymph node status and by the analysis of estrogen (ER), progesterone (PR), and human epidermal growth factor 2 (HER2) receptors expression. The evaluation of these combined factors has been widely used in clinical practice and formed the basis to classify patients into various risk categories such as the St. Gallen criteria [1] and the Nottingham Prognostic Index [2]. However, the markedly extensive breast cancer heterogeneity combined with the lack of reliable predictive factors among these categories limits their ability to distinguish subtle phenotypic differences that may present relevant therapeutic implications.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lombardi Comprehensive Cancer Center, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, DC, USA

    Luciane R. Cavalli

  2. Genetic Department, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil

    Iglenir J. Cavalli

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  1. Luciane R. Cavalli
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Correspondence to Luciane R. Cavalli .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Our Lady of Grace Hospital, Positivo University, Curitiba, Brazil

    Cicero Urban

  2. Plastic and Reconstructive Division, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy

    Mario Rietjens

  3. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA

    Mahmoud El-Tamer

  4. Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, USA

    Virgilio S. Sacchini

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Cavalli, L.R., Cavalli, I.J. (2019). Molecular Classification and Prognostic Signatures of Breast Tumors. In: Urban, C., Rietjens, M., El-Tamer, M., Sacchini, V.S. (eds) Oncoplastic and Reconstructive Breast Surgery. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62927-8_8

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