Abstract
This chapter describes how to choose the nominal power of a heat pump in dependence of the load requirement of the user and the local climatic conditions. Furthermore as the performance of a heat pump is obviously affected by the power required, the full load and part load operations are examined and the load factor is introduced. The chapter describes the methods, provided by the present standards, of evaluating the coefficients of performance and the data the producers have to supply in order to make such calculations.
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Notes
- 1.
If we size the heat pump at the maximum required power, it is advisable to use an additional storage tank to avoid too frequent transients. The storage inertial volume is usually calculated as the difference between an “adequate volume”, in the range 8–13 L per kW (for an effective design it is always the case to deal with the heat pump manufacturer) and the volume of the hydraulic facility. In the case of large water contents (e.g., radiant floors) this additional volume may be not necessary.
- 2.
The International Standard (in Italy UNI-TS-11300/4, 2012) defines the balance (or bivalence) point as the point where a heat pump stops operating with a load factor equal to 1.
- 3.
As a reference time interval, the already quoted Standard (11300-4/2012) refers to the month or a shorter period, named bin, for evaluating the employed energy. Bin is the time interval where the outdoor temperature changes by 1 ℃ (Θ=1 ℃ and πk to be determined consequently). In this example we only consider one day as seasonal period, for the sake of simplicity.
- 4.
(and/or the significant parameter(s) to be considered for the type of heat pump we are using and the working period we are referring to in the actual use, as stressed in the next paragraph).
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Grassi, W. (2018). Operating Conditions. In: Heat Pumps. Green Energy and Technology. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62199-9_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-62199-9_4
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