Hayek: A Collaborative Biography pp 131-173 | Cite as
The Austrian Shadow and ‘The Slogan of Liberty’
Abstract
The obsequiousness with which ‘von’ Hayek and ‘von’ Mises have been treated—especially in the United States—suggests that something other than scholarly detachment is present. As Hayek was writing The Road to Serfdom, ‘Ritter von’ Kuehnelt-Leddihn published The Menace of the Herd. Austrian School economists and philosophers openly embraced ‘natural aristocracy’ (Rockwell), monarchy, or anything but democracy (Hoppe), a ‘small, self-perpetuating oligarchy of the ablest and most interested’ (Rothbard) and a ‘really limited democracy’—‘dictatorial democracy’ (Hayek). After promoting ‘German and Italian’ ‘Fascists,’ including ‘Ludendorff and Hitler,’ Mises asserted that he had ‘not changed anything in the original text’ of Liberalism in the Classical Tradition and ‘did not influence in any way the translation.’ But his translator, the Mises Institute’s Ralph Raico, revealed that Mises was lying.
Bibliography
- Alvarez G., Ceballos F. C., Quinteiro C. 2009. The Role of Inbreeding in the Extinction of a European Royal Dynasty. PLoS ONE 4.4: e5174. http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0005174
- Block, W. 2010. (Ed.) I Chose Liberty Autobiographies of Contemporary Libertarians. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Blumert, B. 2008. Bagels, Barry Bonds and Rotten Politicians. Auburn, Alabama Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Boettke, P. 2010. EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW. Peter Boettke on the Rise of Austrian Economics, Its Academic Inroads and Why the Market Should Decide. By Anthony Wile. Daily Bell 12 December. http://www.thedailybell.com/exclusive-interviews/anthony-wile-peter-boettke-on-the-rise-of-austrian-economics-its-academic-inroads-and-why-the-market-should-decide/
- Boettke, P. 2015. EXCLUSIVE INTERVIEW. Peter Boettke: The Transformative Rise of Austrian Economics. Daily Bell 25 January. http://www.thedailybell.com/exclusive-interviews/anthony-wile-peter-boettke-the-transformative-rise-of-austrian-economics/
- Boettke, P., Coyne, C. and Leeson, P. 2006. High Priests and Lowly Philosophers: The Battle for the Soul of Economics. Case Western Reserve Law Review 56.3: 551–568.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 1995. Editorial Notes. In Hayek, F. A. Contra Keynes and Cambridge The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Bruce Caldwell.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 2004. Hayek’s Challenge: An Intellectual Biography of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 2005. Recovering Popper: For the Left? Critical Review 17.1–2: 49–68.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 2006. Popper and Hayek: Who Influenced Whom? In Jarvie, I. C., Milford, K. and Miller, D. W. (Eds.) Karl Popper: A Centenary Assessment Volume I. Burlington: Ashgate Publishing Company: 111–124.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 2008. Hayek on Mill. History of Political Economy 40.4: 689–704.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. 2010a. Review of P. Mirowski and D. Phehwe. (Eds.) The Road from Mont Pelerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective. EH.NET September. http://eh.net/book_reviews/the-road-from-mont-plerin-the-making-of-the-neoliberal-thought-collective/
- Caldwell, B. 2010b. The Secret Behind the Hot Sales of ‘The Road to Serfdom’ by Free-Market Economist F. A. Hayek. The Washington Post. http://voices.washingtonpost.com/shortstack/2010/02/the_secret_behind_the_hot_sale.html
- Caldwell, B. 2016. Hayek’s Nobel. In Boettke, P. and Storr, V. (Eds.) Revisiting Hayek’s Political Economy. England: Emerald.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. and Montes, L. 2014a. Friedrich Hayek and His Visits to Chile. CHOPE Working Paper No. 2014–2012. August.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. and Montes, L. 2014b. Friedrich Hayek and His Visits to Chile. Review of Austrian Economics. First online: 26 September 2014.Google Scholar
- Caldwell, B. and Montes, L. 2015. Friedrich Hayek and His Visits to Chile. Review of Austrian Economics 28.3, September: 261–309.Google Scholar
- Carver, T. N. 1949. Recollections of an Unplanned Life. Los Angeles: The Ward Ritchie Press.Google Scholar
- Crozier, B. 2002. The Other Brian Croziers. Wiltshire, UK: Claridge Press.Google Scholar
- Cubitt, C. 2006. A Life of August von Hayek. Bedford, England: Authors on line.Google Scholar
- Deist, J. 2017. Democracy, the God That’s Failing. Mises Wire 17 February. https://mises.org/blog/democracy-god-thats-failing
- Doherty, B. 2007. Radicals for Capitalism: A Freewheeling History of the Modern. American Libertarian Movement. New York: Public Affairs.Google Scholar
- Ebeling, R. 1974. Austrian Economics on the Rise. Libertarian Forum October. http://mises.org/daily/4174
- Ebeling, R. 2010. Political Economy, Public Policy and Monetary Economics: Ludwig Von Mises and the Austrian Tradition. London: Routledge.Google Scholar
- Evans, K. 2010. Spreading Hayek, Spurning Keynes. Professor Leads an Austrian Revival. Wall Street Journal 28 August.Google Scholar
- Farrant, A. and McPhail, E. 2017. Hayek, Thatcher, and the Muddle of the Middle. In Leeson, R. (Ed.) Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part IX The Divine Right of the Market. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Fetter, F. A. 2007 [1942]. Economists Against Smoot-Hawley. Econ Journal Watch 4.3: 345–358.Google Scholar
- Fetter, F. W. 1930. The Economists’ Tariff Protest of 1930. Econ Journal Watch 4.3, September: 345–358.Google Scholar
- Friedman, M. F. 2017 [1991]. Say ‘No’ to Intolerance. In R. Leeson & C. Palm (Eds.) Friedman on Freedom. Stanford, CA: Hoover Press.Google Scholar
- Friedman, M. F. and Friedman, R. D. 1998. Two Lucky People: Memoirs. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Hacohen, M. H. 2000. Karl Popper – The Formative Years, 1902–1945: Politics and Philosophy in Interwar Vienna. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Harberger, A. C. 1999. Interview with Arnold Harberger. An interview with the dean of the ‘Chicago Boys.’ The Region The Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis March. https://www.minneapolisfed.org/publications/the-region/interview-with-arnold-harberger
- Hayek, F. A. 1972. Tiger by the Tail The Keynesian Legacy of Inflation. London: Institute of Economic Affairs. Edited by Sudha Shenoy.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1977. Trade Union Immunity under the Law. Letter to the editor. The Times 21 July. http://www.margaretthatcher.org/document/114630
- Hayek, F. A. 1978. Oral History Interviews. Centre for Oral History Research, University of California, Los Angeles. http://oralhistory.library.ucla.edu/ Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1979. Law, Legislation and Liberty: Volume 3 The Political Order of a Free People. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1988. The Fatal Conceit The Errors of Socialism. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by William Warren Bartley III.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1994. Hayek on Hayek an Autobiographical Dialogue. The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Stephen Kresge and Leif Wenar.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1995. Contra Keynes and Cambridge. The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Bruce Caldwell.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 1997. Socialism and War: Essays, Documents, Reviews. The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Bruce Caldwell.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 2007 [1944]. The Road to Serfdom: The Definitive Edition. The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Bruce Caldwell.Google Scholar
- Hayek, F. A. 2011 [1960]. The Constitution of Liberty. The Definitive Edition. The Collected Works of F.A. Hayek. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. Edited by Ronald Hamowy.Google Scholar
- Hoppe, H-H. 2001. Democracy: The God That Failed: The Economics and Politics of Monarchy, Democracy and Natural Order. New Brunswick: Transaction Publishers.Google Scholar
- Hornberger, J. G. 1988. Leonard Read Changed My Life. Foundation for Economic Education 1 September. https://fee.org/articles/leonard-read-changed-my-life/
- Hornberger, J. G. 2015. FDR Spied on Leonard Read. Future of Freedom Foundation 16 April. http://www.fff.org/2015/04/16/fdr-spied-leonard-read/
- Hülsmann, J. G. 2007. Mises: The Last Knight of Liberalism. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Jenkins, L. 1981. El Salvador. The Washington Post Magazine 16 August: 10.Google Scholar
- Jenks, J. and Lauck, W. J. 1913. The Immigration Problem: A Study of American Immigration Conditions and Needs. New York: Funk and Wagnalls. Third Edition.Google Scholar
- Johnson, E. S. and Johnson, H. G. 1978. The Shadow of Keynes, Understanding Keynes, Cambridge, and Keynesian Economics. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.Google Scholar
- Kahn, R. 1984. The Making of Keynes’ General Theory. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Google Scholar
- Keynes, J. M. 1930. A Treatise on Money. London: Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Keynes, J. M. 1936. General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money. New York/London: Harcourt, Brace.Google Scholar
- Koven, S. G. and Götzke, F. 2010. American Immigration Policy: Confronting the Nation’s Challenges. New York: Springer.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Kuehnelt-Leddihn, E. (pseudonym Campbell, F. S). 1978 [1943]. The Menace of the Herd: Or, Procrustes at large (Studies in conservative philosophy). New York: Gordon Press.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 1997a. The Trade Off Interpretation of Phillips’ Dynamic Stabilisation Exercise. Economica 64.253, February: 155–173.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 1997b. The Political Economy of the Inflation-Unemployment Trade-Off. History of Political Economy 29.1, Spring: 117–156.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 1999. Keynes and the Keynesian Phillips Curve. History of Political Economy 31.3, Fall: 494–509.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2003a (Ed.) Keynes, Chicago and Friedman. London: Pickering and Chatto. Volume one.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2003b (Ed.) Keynes, Chicago and Friedman. London: Pickering and Chatto. Volume two.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2003c. Ideology and the International Economy: The Decline and Fall of Bretton Woods. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2005. The Cars That Ate America. Australian Financial Review 24 October: 23. (With Chen, C. Crawford, C. Ducatillion, H. and Singh, J.)Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2013 (Ed.) Hayek a Collaborative Biography. Part 1: Influences, From Mises to Bartley. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2015a. (Ed.) Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part II Austria, America and the Rise of Hitler, 1899–1933. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2015b. (Ed.) Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part III Fraud, Fascism and Free Market Religion. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2017a. Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part XI The Constitution of Liberty ‘Shooting in Cold Blood’: Hayek’s Plan for the Future of Democracy. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. 2017b. Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part VII ‘Market Free Play with an Audience’: Hayek’s Encounters with Fifty Knowledge Communities. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Leeson, R. and Schiffman, D. 2015. The Triumph of Rhetoric: Pigou as Keynesian Whipping Boy and its Unintended Consequences. In Leeson, R. (Ed.) Hayek: A Collaborative Biography Part III Fraud, Fascism and Free Market Religion. Basingstoke, England: Palgrave Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Leonard, T. C. 2005. Retrospectives Eugenics and Economics in the Progressive Era. Journal of Economic Perspectives 19.4, Fall: 207–224.Google Scholar
- Marshall, A. 1956 [1925]. Memorials of Alfred Marshall. Kelley and Millman: New York. Edited by A. C. Pigou.Google Scholar
- Mises, L. 2007 [1958]. Mises and Rothbard letters to Ayn Rand. Journal of Libertarian Studies 21.4, Winter: 11–16.Google Scholar
- Morgan, L. 2011. End of a royal dynasty as Otto von Habsburg is laid to rest… with his heart buried in a crypt 85 miles away. MailOnline 18 July. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-2015994/End-Royal-dynasty-Otto-von-Habsburg-laid-rest--heart-buried-crypt-85-miles-away-different-country.html
- Michelini, L. and Maccabelli, T. 2015. Economics and Anti-Semitism: The Case of Maffeo Pantaleoni. History of Political Economy 47.1: 91–118.Google Scholar
- Mises, L. 1922. Die Gemeinwirtschaft: Untersuchungen über den Sozialismus. Germany: Gustav Fischer Verlag.Google Scholar
- Mises, L. 1951 [1922]. Socialism An Economic and Sociological Analysis. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute. Second English translation. Translated by J. KahaneGoogle Scholar
- Mises, L. 1985 [1927]. Liberalism in the Classical Tradition. Auburn, Alabama: Mises Institute. Translated by Ralph Raico.Google Scholar
- Mises, L. 2009 [1978 (1940)]. Memoirs. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Mises, L. 2010 [1944]. Omnipotent Government The Rise of the Total State and Total War. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Mises, M. 1984. My Life with Ludwig von Mises. Cedar Falls, Iowa: Center for Futures Education. Second edition.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 1973. Chile’s Marxist Experiment, New York: John Wiley.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 1975. The Collapse of Democracy. London: Temple Smith.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 1981. Death Beam. New York: Crown.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 1985. Moscow Rules. New York: Pocket Books.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 1987. Carnival of Spies. New York: Villard.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 2012. Dreaming the Soul Back Home: Shamanic Dreaming for Healing and Becoming Whole. Novatel, California: New World Library.Google Scholar
- Moss, R. 2014. The Boy Who Died and Came Back: Adventures of a Dream Archeologist in the Multiverse.Google Scholar
- North, G. 1985a. Moses and Pharaoh Dominion Power versus Power Religion. Tyler, Texas: Institute for Christian Economics.Google Scholar
- North, G. 1985b. Crushing the Serpent’s Statistical Head. Biblical Economics Today VIII.5: August/September. http://www.garynorth.com/freebooks/docs/a_pdfs/newslet/bet/8508.pdf
- North, G. 1986. The Sinai Strategy Economics and the Ten Commandments. Harrisonburg, Virginia: Dominion Educational Ministries, IncGoogle Scholar
- North, G. 1987. Inherit the Earth: Biblical Blueprints for Economics. Fort Worth, Texas: Dominion Press.Google Scholar
- North, G. 2012. The Death Penalty Which System is Barbaric? Gary North’s Specific Answers 28 August. http://www.garynorth.com/public/9988.cfm
- Palmer, T. 1997. Lew Rockwell’s Vienna Waltz. Liberty September. http://web.archive.org/web/20050318091128/http://www.libertysoft.com/liberty/features/61palmer.html
- Peterson, J. 2014. Hated Was My Muse. Liberty.me. https://wti.liberty.me/hatred-was-my-muse/
- Raico, R. 2012. Classical Liberalism and the Austrian School. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Raico, R. 2015. Why Holocaust Denial Exists, and Why Most Jews Are Guilty of It, Too. The Jewish Libertarian 15 September. https://thejewishlibertarian.com/tag/ralph-raico/
- Read, L. 2003 [1973]. Mises the Man. Mises Daily 5 August. https://mises.org/library/mises-man
- Rifkind, H. 2006. People: Monday Club still on Reich Track. The Times 2 June.Google Scholar
- Robbins, L. 1976. Political Economy: Past and Present: A Review of Leading Theories of Economic Policy. London: Macmillan.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Robbins, L. 1981. Economists and Trade Unions. In Trade Unions Public Goods or Public ‘Bads’? London: IEA Readings.Google Scholar
- Robinson, A. and North, G. 1986. Fighting Chance: Ten Feet to Survival. Oregon: Oregon Institute of Science and Medicine.Google Scholar
- Robinson, J. R. 1972. The Second Crisis in Economic Theory. American Economic Review 62.1–2, March: 1–10.Google Scholar
- Rockwell, L. H. Jr. 1994a. The Cognitive State. Rothbard-Rockwell Report December. http://www.unz.org/Pub/RothbardRockwellReport-1994dec-00018
- Rockwell, L. H. Jr. 1994b. Civil Rights for Gays? Rothbard-Rockwell Report September: 16–17. https://www.unz.org/Pub/RothbardRockwellReport-1994sep-00016?View=PDF
- Rockwell, L. H. Jr. 2017. Break up the USA. Mises Wire 20 February. https://mises.org/blog/break-usa
- Romer, P. 2015. Mathiness in the Theory of Economic Growth. American Economic Review: Papers & Proceedings 105.5: 89–93. doi: 10.1257/aer.p20151066
- Rossiter, J. 1986. The Andropov Deception. New York: Beaufort Books.Google Scholar
- Rothbard, M. N. n.d. Hayek and His Lamentable Contemporaries. The Sixth in a Series of Six Lectures on The History of Economic Thought. Transcribed and Donated – Thomas Topp. https://mises.org/library/6-hayek-and-his-lamentable-contemporaries
- Rothbard, M. N. 1973. Ludwig von Mises: 1881–1973 Human Events 20 October: 7. http://mises.org/rothbard/misesobit.asp
- Rothbard, M. N. 1990. The Future of Austrian Economics. Mises University at Stanford University. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KWdUIuID8ag
- Rothbard, M. N. 1992. Right-Wing Populism: A Strategy for the Paleo Movement. Rothbard Rockwell Report 3.1. http://www.unz.org/Pub/RothbardRockwellReport-1992jan-00005
- Rothbard, M. N. 1994a. Nation by Consent. Decomposing the National State. Journal of Libertarian Studies 11.1, Fall: 1–10. https://mises.org/library/uk-nation-consent
- Rothbard, M. N. 1994b. Invade the World. Rothbard Rockwell Report 5.9, September. http://www.unz.org/Pub/RothbardRockwellReport-1994sep-00001
- Rothbard, M. N. 1994c. Nation by Consent. Decomposing the National State. Journal of Libertarian Studies 11.1 (Fall): 1–10. https://mises.org/library/uk-nation-consent
- Rothbard, M. N. 2007. Betrayal of the American Right. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar
- Samuelson, P. A. 2009. A Few Remembrances of Friedrich von Hayek (1899–1992). Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 69: 1–4.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- Sayer, I. 2015. The ‘Deacon’ McCormick Papers. In Leeson, R. (Ed.) Hayek a Collaborative Biography. Part 111: Fraud, Fascism and Free Market Religion. New York: Palgrave Macmillan.Google Scholar
- Seldon, A. 1981. Preface. In Trade Unions Public Goods or Public ‘Bads’? London: IEA Readings.Google Scholar
- Shenoy, S. 2003. An Interview with Sudha Shenoy. Austrian Economics Newsletter Winter: 1–8. http://mises.org/journals/aen/aen23_4_1.pdf
- Shiflett, O. L. 2015. William Terry Couch and the Politics of Academic Publishing: An Editor’s Career as Lightning Rod for Controversy. Chapel Hill, NC: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.Google Scholar
- Skousen, J. M. 1977. Survival Home Manual: Architectural Design, Construction, and Remodeling of Self-Sufficient Residencies and Retreats. Hood River, Oregon: Survival Homes.Google Scholar
- Skousen, M. 2000. Dr. Jekyll and Mr Robhard. Inside Liberty 14.12, December: 52–53. http://mises.org/journals/liberty/Liberty_Magazine_December_2000.pdf
- Sraffa, P. 1932a. Dr. Hayek on Money and Capital. Economic Journal 42.165, March: 42–53.Google Scholar
- Sraffa, P. 1932b. Rejoinder. Economic Journal 42.166, June: 249–251.Google Scholar
- Steiner, Y. 2015. The Neoliberals Confront the Trade Unions. In Mirowski, P. and Plehwe, D. (Eds.) The Road from Mont Pèlerin: The Making of the Neoliberal Thought Collective. London: Harvard University Press.Google Scholar
- Taylor, A. J. P. 1964. The Habsburg Monarchy 1809–1918: A History of the Austrian Empire and Austria Hungary. England: Peregrine.Google Scholar
- Thurlow, R. 2006. Fascism in Britain: From Oswald Mosley’s Blackshirts to the National Front. London: I. B. Tauris.Google Scholar
- Tucker, J. 2014. What Explains the Brutalism Uproar? The Libertarian Standard 18 March. http://libertarianstandard.com/2014/03/18/what-explains-the-brutalism-uproar/
- Turner, H. A. 1985. German Big Business and the Rise of Hitler. New York: Oxford University Press.Google Scholar
- Watters, S. 2005. Von Habsburg on Presidents, Monarchs, Dictators. Women’s Wear Daily 28 June. http://www.wwd.com/eye/people/von-habsburg-on-presidents-monarchs-dictators
- Weintraub, E. R. 2002. How Economics Became a Mathematical Science. Raleigh, NC: Duke University Press.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
- White, L. H. 2008. Did Hayek and Robbins Deepen the Great Depression? Journal of Money, Credit and Banking 40: 751–768.Google Scholar
- Wieser, F. 1926. Das Gesetzder Macht. Wien: Verlag Von Julius Springer.Google Scholar
- Wieser, F. 1983 [1926]. The Law of Power. University of Nebraska-Lincoln: Bureau of Business Research. Translated by W. E. Kuhn.Google Scholar
- Yeager, L. 2011. Is the Market a Test of Truth and Beauty?: Essays in Political Economy. Auburn, Alabama: Ludwig von Mises Institute.Google Scholar