Abstract
With recent focus on sustainable construction practices and the ever-increasing transportation costs and scarcity of natural resources, integration of large-size unconventional and marginally acceptable aggregates, such as quarry by-products (QB), and making their routine use in construction specifications is becoming imperative. In this study, the stability of large-size aggregates is increased by adding QB as sand- and smaller-sized particles to fill up the voids. Adding QBs is expected to increase density and provide stability for better aggregate interlock, and therefore, to increase the subgrade strength and eventually improve the road’s rutting performance. In order to determine the appropriate weight mix ratio of the large-size aggregates and the fine QB materials, a steel box with dimensions 610 mm by 610 mm by 533 mm was built to assess the packing of the two materials. One of the sides of the box was designed to have a transparent Plexiglas that enabled observation of the QB percolation into the voids of the large-sized aggregates, which were added in multiple lifts. The QB materials were then evenly spread on the surface of each lift and compacted with a laboratory-sized roller compactor. Different mix ratios, support conditions, and moisture contents of the QBs were investigated. The study concluded that 25% QB by the dry weight of the large aggregates is an appropriate amount to be used for both one- and two-lift construction practices of this composite weak subgrade replacement aggregate material, i.e., aggregate subgrade, in the field. The laboratory results will be implemented in the field by constructing test sections for unpaved construction platform and asphalt-paved low volume road applications and monitoring them for rutting performance using an accelerated pavement testing device.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
Boler, H., Qian, Y., Tutumluer, E.: Influence of size and shape properties of railroad ballast on aggregate packing. Transp. Res. Record J. Transp. Res. Board Transp. Res. Board Nat. Acad. 2448, 94–104 (2014). doi:10.3141/2448-12
Chesner, W.H., Collins, R.J., MacKay, M.H.: User Guidelines for Waste and Byproduct Materials in Pavement Construction. Techreport, Washington DC (1998)
Galetakis, M., Alevizos, G., Leventakis, K.: Evaluation of fine limestone quarry by-products, for the production of building elements – an experimental approach. Const. Build. Mater. 26(1), 122–130 (2012). doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.05.011
Kazmee, H., Tutumluer, E., Beshears, S.: Pavement working platforms constructed with large-size unconventional aggregates. Transp. Res. Rec. J. Transp. Res. Board Transp. Res. Board Nat. Acad. 2578, 1–11 (2016)
Kleyn, E.G.: The use of the dynamic cone penetrometer (DCP). Transvaal Provincial Administration, Pretoria (1975)
Mishra, D.: Aggregate characteristics affecting response and performance of unsurfaced pavements on weak subgrades. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (2012)
Moaveni, M.: Advanced image analysis and techniques for degradation characterization of aggregates. Doctoral dissertation, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (2015)
Puppala, A.J., Saride, S., Williammee, R.: Sustainable reuse of limestone quarry fines and RAP in pavement base/subbase layers. J. Mater. Civil Eng. 24(4), 418–429 (2012). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000404
Stroup-Gardiner, M., Wattenberg-Komas, T.: Recycled materials and byproducts in highway applications. Transp. Res. Board (2013)
Tutumluer, E., Ozer, H., Hou, W., Mwumvaneza, V.: Sustainable aggregates production: green applications for aggregate by-products (Report No. FHWA-ICT-15-012). Illinois Center for Transportation/Illinois Department of Transportation, Springfield, IL (2015)
Xiao, Y., Tutumluer, E.: Gradation and packing characteristics affecting stability of granular materials: aggregate imaging-based discrete element modeling approach. Int. J. Geomech. Am. Soc. Civil Eng. 4016064 (2016). doi:10.1061/(ASCE)GM.1943-5622.0000735
Acknowledgments
The support for this study was provided by the Illinois Department of Transportation as part of the recent ICT R27-168 research project. The authors would like to acknowledge the members of IDOT Technical Review Panel (TRP) and especially Sheila Beshears as the TRP Chair for their useful advice at different stages of this research. The authors also acknowledge support from the Illinois aggregate producers for donating the aggregate materials. Special thanks go to Illinois Center for Transportation (ICT) research engineer James Meister as well as Marc Killion and the staff in the machine shop of the Newmark Civil Engineering Laboratory at the University of Illinois. Many thanks for John Hart and Dr. Maziar Moaveni for characterizing aggregate shape properties and the undergraduate student Lucas Chae for his help with conducting the laboratory tests. The contents of this paper reflect the views of the authors who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. This paper does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this paper
Cite this paper
Qamhia, I., Kazmee, H., Tutumluer, E., Ozer, H. (2018). Sustainable Application of Quarry Byproducts Mixed with Large Size Unconventional Aggregates for Improved Performance. In: Struble, L., Tebaldi, G. (eds) Materials for Sustainable Infrastructure. GeoMEast 2017. Sustainable Civil Infrastructures. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61633-9_17
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61633-9_17
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61632-2
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61633-9
eBook Packages: Earth and Environmental ScienceEarth and Environmental Science (R0)