Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Bronchiectasis

  • 1015 Accesses

Abstract

In respiratory physiology the nose is an organ with a great importance that supposes 50% of the resistances to the airflow, and its pathology requires, in many occasions, of a multidisciplinary work. In recent years it has been demonstrated that bronchopulmonary pathologies are usually associated with nasosinusal pathology, thus creating the concept of rhinobronchitis and “one airway, one disease.” There are few studies that correlate bronchiectasis (BQs) and CRS. The most frequent symptoms of CRS in patients with BQs are anterior rhinorrhea, posterior rhinorrhea, and nasal obstruction. Seventy-seven percent of patients with BQs had CRS, while 25% had mild to moderate nasal polyposis. Patients with nasal polyposis were diagnosed with BQs more than 10 years earlier than patients without nasal pathology.

Guilemany et al. observed that patients with BQs and CRS, with or without polyps, had a greater pulmonary involvement on CT compared with those without CRS. This finding suggests that CRS is a marker of activity in BQs patients.

Guilemany et al. were the first to assess the effect on general quality of life (QoL) in patients with BQs and CSR using the SF-36 test showing that in all domains of the test, patients with BQs and CSR were worse than the general population. Patients with mild-moderate nasal polyposis had increased nasal obstruction and increased loss of smell but did not present worsen quality of life.

The SNOT-20 test, which evaluates the patient-reported measure of outcome in sinonasal disorders, showed that patients with BQs and CSR had a higher score in the test than those with BQs without CSR. No difference was observed between CRS with or without PN, but it should be taken into account that this test does not analyze nasal obstruction or olfaction, factors that can be determinant in QoL.

CRS without or with nasal polyps is the main cause of a partial or total loss of smell in a patient with bronchiectasis. Thus, an alert symptom like “the loss of smell” may help respiratory physicians to refer the patients to an ENT specialist for further diagnose and management of CRS.

The high prevalence of nasosinusal pathology in patients with BQ leads us to conclusion that an otolaryngologist should rule out CRS in patients with BQs, and, conversely, in patients with CRS, diseases such as asthma, COPD and BQ should be studied.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Simons FE. Allergic rhinobronchitis: the asthma-allergic rhinitis link. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 1999;104:534–40.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Bachert C, Vignola AM, Gevaert P, Leynaert B, Van Cauwenber-Ge P, Bousquet J. Allergic rhinitis, rhinosinusitis, and asthma: one airway disease. Immunol Allergy Clin Am. 2004;24:19–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Bousquet J, Van Cauwenberge P, Khaltaev N, Aria Workshop Group, World Health Organization. Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma. J Allergy Clin Immunol. 2001;108:S147–334.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  4. Vignola A, Bousquet J. Rhinitis and asthma: a continuum disease? Clin Exp Allergy. 2001;31:674–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  5. Gaga M, Vignola AM, Chánez P. Upper and lower airways: similarities and differences. In: Wallaërt B, Chánez P, Godard P, editors. The nose and lung diseases, European Respiratory Society monograph, vol. 6; 2001. p. 10–5.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Roche WR, Beasley R, Williams JH, Holgate ST. Subepithelial fibrosis in the bronchi of asthmatics. Lancet. 1989;11(1):520–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Martínez-Hernandez A, Amenta PS. The basement membrane in pathology. Lab Investig. 1983;48:656–77.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Chánez P, Vignola AM, Vic P, Guddo F, Bonsignore G, Godard P, et al. Comparison between nasal and bronchial inflammation in asthmatic and control subjects. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1999;159:588–95.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. Rutland J, Griffin WM, Cole PJ. Human ciliary beat frequency in epithelium from intrathoracic and extrathoracic airways. Am Rev. Respir Dis. 1982;125:100–5.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Tint D, Kubala S, Toskala E. Risk factors and comorbidities in chronic Rhinosinusitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2016 Feb;16(2):16.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Fokkens W, Lund V, Mullol J. European position paper on rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps. Rhinology. 2007;2007(20):1–136.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Carney AS, Tan LW, Adams D, Varelias A, Ooi EH, Wormald PJ. Th2 immunological inflammation in allergic fungal sinusitis, nonallergic eosinophilic fungal sinusitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis. Am J Rhinol. 2006;20:145–9.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Hashiba M, Baba S. Efficacy of long-term administration of clarithromycin in the treatment of chronic sinusitis. Acta Otolaryngol Suppl. 1996;525:73–8.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Mullol J, López E, Roca-Ferrer J, Xaubet A, Pujols L, Fernández-Morata JC, Fabra JM, Picado C. Effects of topical anti-inflammatory drugs on eosinophil survival primed by epithelial cells. Additive effect of glucocorticoids and nedocromil sodium. Clin Exp Allergy. 1997;27:1432–41.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  15. El Nagar M, Kale S, Aldren C, Martin F. Effect of beconase nasal spray on olfactory function in post-nasal polypectomy patients: a prospective controlled trial. J Larungol Otol. 1995;109:941–4.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Guilemany JM, Angrill J, Alobid I, Centellas S, Pujols L, Bartra J, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Valero A, Picado C, Mullol J. United airway again: high prevalence of rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps in bronchiectasis. Allergy. 2009;64:790–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  17. Smith IE, Jurriaans E, Diederich S, Ali N, Shneerson JM, Flower CD. Chronic sputum production: correlations between clinical features and finding on high resolution computed tomographic scanning of the chest. Thorax. 1996;51:914–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  18. Shoemark A, Ozerovitch L, Wilson R. Aetiology in adult patients with bronchiectasis. Respir Med. 2007;101(6):1163–70.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  19. Hens G, Vanaudenaerde BM, Bullens DM, Piessens M, Decramer M, Dupont LJ, Ceuppens JL, Hellings PW. Sinonasal pathology in nonallergic asthma and COPD: “united airway disease” beyond the scope of allergy. Allergy. 2008;63:261–7.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  20. Lindberg S, Cervin A, Runer T. Nitric oxide (NO) production in the upper airways is decreased in chronic sinusitis. Acta Otolaryngol 1977;117:113–117.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Pujols L, Mullol J, Picado C. Alpha and beta glucocorticoid receptors: relevance in airway diseases. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2007;7:93–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  22. Toppila-Salami SK, Myller JP, Torkkeli TV, Muhonen JV, Renkonen JA, Rautiainen ME, Renkonen RL. Endothelial L-selectin ligands in sinus mucosa during chronic maxillary rhinosinusitis. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2005;171:1350–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Boone M, et al. Diagnostic accuracy of nitric oxide measurements to detect primary ciliary dyskinesia. Eur J Clin Investig. 2014;44(5):477–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Guilemany JM, Alobid I, Angrill J, Ballesteros F, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Picado C, Mullol J. The impact of bronchiectasis associated to sinonasal disease on quality of life. Respir Med. 2006;100:1997–2003.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Guilemany JM, Angrill J, Alobid I, Centellas S, Prades E, Roca J, Pujols L, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Picado C, Mullol J. United airways: the impact of chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyps in bronchiectasic patient’s quality of life. Allergy. 2009;64:1524–9.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Rosell A, Monso E, Soler N, Torres F, Angrill J, Riise G, et al. Microbiologic determinants of exacerbation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Arch Intern Med. 2005;165:891–7.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Osborne ML, Vollmer WM, Linton KL, Buist AS. Characteristics of patients with asthma within a large HMO: a comparison by age and gender. Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 1998;157:123–8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Ragab S, Scadding GK, Lund V, Saleh H. Treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effects on asthma. Eur Respir J. 2006;28:68–74.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Guilemany JM, Mariño-Sánchez FS, Angrill J, Alobid I, Centellas S, Pujols L, Berenguer J, Bernal-Sprekelsen M, Picado C, Mullol J. The importance of smell in patients with bronchiectasis. Respir Med. 2011 Jan;105(1):44–9.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Hospital Clínic i Universitari, C/Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain

    Anna Nogués Sabaté & José María Guilemany Toste

Authors
  1. Anna Nogués Sabaté
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. José María Guilemany Toste
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to José María Guilemany Toste .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. College of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee, United Kingdom

    James Chalmers

  2. Hospital Vall D’Hebron, Vall D’Hebron Research Institute (VHIR) Respiratory Disease Department, Barcelona, Spain

    Eva Polverino

  3. Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan Internal Medicine Department, Respiratory Unit and Cystic Fibrosis Adult Center, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy

    Stefano Aliberti

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Nogués Sabaté, A., Guilemany Toste, J.M. (2018). Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Bronchiectasis. In: Chalmers, J., Polverino, E., Aliberti, S. (eds) Bronchiectasis. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61452-6_8

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61452-6_8

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61451-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61452-6

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation