Abstract
Generally, solutions and results to a problem in image processing involve a lot of trail and testing with huge set of sample images. Chlorella is a single-cell, freshwater green algae, and it consists of green plant pigments, chlorophyll, vitamins, minerals, and protein, fiber, and omega fatty acids. The size of the chlorella cells are 10–30 μm. Due to its photosynthetic process, it converts carbon dioxide into fresh oxygen. Automatic identification and classification of algal community are very difficult due to various factors such as change in size and shape with climatic changes, various growth periods, and the presence of other microbes. In this chapter, an elaborate analysis of artificial neural network concepts and convolutional neural network (CNN) of deep learning technique that automatically measure the algae growth through the image classification techniques from algae digital images using MATLAB is presented.
Keywords
- Digital image processing
- Convolution neural networks (CNN)
- MATLAB
- Back propagation
- Radial basis
- Probability neural network
- Chlorella
- Algae
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.
Buying options






















References
Castelluccio M, Poggi G, Sansone C, Verdoliva L (2016) Land use classification in remote sensing images by convolutional neural networks. Available online: http://arxiv.org/abs/1508.00092. Accessed on 12 Apr 2016
Couprie C, Farabet C, LeCun Y, Najman L (2013) Indoor semantic segmentation using depth information. In: Proceedings of the international conference on learning representation. Scottsdale, Arizona, 2–4 May 2013
Elaksher AF (2008) Multi-image matching using neural networks and photogrammetric conditions. In: The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences, vol XXXVII. Part I, B3a. Beijing 2008
Farabet C, Couprie C, Najman L, LeCun Y (2013) Learning hierarchical features for scene labeling. IEEE Trans Pattern Anal Mach Intell 35:1915–1929
French M, Recknagel F, Jarrett GL (1998) Scaling issues in artificial neural network modelling and forecasting of algal bloom dynamics. In: Abt SR, Young Pezeshk J, Watson CC (eds) Proceedings of the international water resources engineering conference, ASCE, vol 1. Memphis, Tennessee, 3–7 Aug 1998, pp 891–896
Gonzalez RC, Woods RE (2008) Digital image processing. Gatesmark Publishing
Gonzalez RC, Woods RE, Eddins S (2009) Digital image processing using matlab. Gatesmark Publishing
Hu F, Xia GS, Hu J, Zhang L (2015) Transferring deep convolutional neural networks for the scene classification of high-resolution remote sensing imagery. Remote Sens 7:14680–14707
Jähne B (2002) Digital image processing. 5th rev. Springer, London
Joseph HWL, Huang Y, Dickman M, Jayawardena AW (2003) Neural network modeling of coastal algal blooms. In: Ecological Modelling, vol 159. Elsevier Science B.V., pp 179–201
Junna C, Ji G, Feng C, Zheng H (2009) Application of connected morphological operators to image smoothing and edge detection of algae. In: International conference on information technology and computer science, pp 73–76
Krizhevsky A, Sutskever I, Hinton GE (2012) Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: NIPS, p 4
Krizhevsky A, Sutskever I, Hinton GE (2012) Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In: Advances in neural information processing systems; Curran Associates, North Miami Beach, FL, USA, pp 1097–1105
LeCun Y, Bottou L, Bengio Y, Haffner P (1998) Gradient-based learning applied to document recognition. IEEE Proc. 86:2278–2324
Lee HS, Lee JHW (1995) Continuous monitoring of short term dissolved oxygen and algal dynamics. Water Res 29(12):2789–2796
Lek S, Guegan JF (1999) Artificial neural networks as a tool in ecological modeling, an introduction. Ecol. Model. 120:65–73
Merchant RE, Andre CA (2001) A review of recent clinical trials of the nutritional supplement Chlorella pyrenoidosa in the treatment of fibromyalgia, hypertension, and ulcerative colitis. Altern Ther Health Med 7(3):79–91. Review. PubMed PMID: 11347287
Mohammed TS, Al-Taie NI (2012) Artificial neural networks as decision-makers for stereo matching. GSTF Int J Comput 1(3)
Parsons TR, Takahashi M, Hargrave B (1984) Biological oceanographic processes. Pergamon, Oxford
Penatti OA, Nogueira K, dos Santos JA (2015) Do deep features generalize from everyday objects to remote sensing and aerial scenes domains? In: Proceedings of the IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops, Boston, MA, USA, 7–12 June 2015
Phung SL, Bouzerdoum A. MATLAB library for convolutional neural network. Technical report. ICT Research Institute, Visual and Audio Signal Processing Laboratory, University of Wollongong. Available at: http://www.uow.edu.au/˜phung
Quigley M, Batra S, Gould S, Klingbeil E, Le QV, Wellman A, Ng AY (2009) High-accuracy 3D sensing for mobile manipulation: improving object detection and door opening. In: Proceedings of the IEEE international conference on robotics and automation (ICRA), Kobe, Japan, 12–17 May 2009, pp 2816–2822
Razavian A, Azizpour H, Sullivan J, Carlsson S (2014) CNN features off-the-shelf: an astounding baseline for recognition. In: 2014 IEEE conference on computer vision and pattern recognition workshops (CVPRW), pp 512–519
Recknagel F, French M, Harkonen P, Yabunaka K (1997) Artificial neural network approach for modeling and prediction of algal blooms. Ecol Model 96:11–28
Sandesh BK, Shalini C, Brinda BR, Kumar MA (2005) Digital image processing—an alternate tool for monitoring of pigment levels in cultured cells with special reference to green alga Haematococcus pluvialis. Biosens Bioelectron 21:768–773
Shanmugam K, Haralick RM, Dinstein IH (1973) Textural features for image classification. IEEE Trans Syst Man Cybern 3:610–621
Socher R, Huval B, Bath B, Manning CD, Ng AY (2012) Convolutional-recursive deep learning for 3D object classification. In: Advances in neural information processing systems. Curran Associates, North Miami Beach, FL, USA, pp 665–673
Thomann RV, Mueller JA (1987) Principles of surface water quality modeling and control. Harper and Row, New York
Tutorial on deep learning [Online]. Available at: http://deeplearning.net/tutorial/lenet.html
Whitehead PG, Howard A, Arulmani C (1997) Modelling algal growth and transport in rivers: a comparison of time series analysis, dynamic mass balance and neural network techniques. Hydrobiologia 349:39–46
Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convolutional_neural_network
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Lakshmi, S., Sivakumar, R. (2018). Chlorella Algae Image Analysis Using Artificial Neural Network and Deep Learning. In: Hemanth, J., Balas , V. (eds) Biologically Rationalized Computing Techniques For Image Processing Applications. Lecture Notes in Computational Vision and Biomechanics, vol 25. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61316-1_10
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61316-1_10
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61315-4
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61316-1
eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)