Skip to main content

Abstract

Two hybrid, highly digital \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADCs are presented in this work. A SAR + VCO 0-1 MASH architecture is used for a 12-bit scaling friendly ADC which does not require VCO nonlinearity correction. PVT sensitivity of VCO tuning gain is canceled by using a digital, background calibration technique. A 40 nm CMOS prototype achieves 74.3 dB SNDR while operating at 36 MS/s from 1.1 V supply. The prototype exhibits a Schreier FoM of 171 dB. A hybrid SAR \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC is presented which uses a passive integrator to achieve first-order noise shaping. The proposed noise-shaping SAR has very high immunity against PVT variations and does not require any calibration. Fabricated in an 130 nm CMOS process, the noise-shaping SAR ADC achieves an SNDR of 74 dB while operating at 2 MS/s from 1.2 V supply. The Schreier FoM for the noise-shaping SAR is 167 dB.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 139.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 179.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Sanyal, A., Sun, N.: An energy-efficient low frequency-dependence switching technique for SAR ADCs. IEEE Trans. Circuits Syst. Express Briefs 61(5), 294–298 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Chen, L., Sanyal, A., Ma, J., Sun, N.: A 24-μW 11-bit 1-MS/s SAR ADC with a bidirectional single-side switching technique. In: IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference, Venice Lido, pp. 219–222 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Chen, L., Tang, X., Sanyal, A., Yoon, Y., Cong, J., Sun, N.: A 10.5-b ENOB 645 nW 100kS/s SAR ADC with statistical estimation based noise reduction. In: IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, San Jose, pp. 1–4 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chen, L., Tang, X., Sanyal, A., Yoon, Y., Cong, J., Sun, N.: A 0.7V 0.6μW 100kS/s low-power SAR ADC with statistical estimation based noise reduction. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 52(5), 1388–1398 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Park, M., Perrott, M.: A 78 dB SNDR 87 mW 20 MHz bandwidth continuous-time \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC with VCO-based integrator and quantizer implemented in 0.13 μm CMOS. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 44(12), 3344–3358 (2009)

    Google Scholar 

  6. Taylor, G., Galton, I.: A mostly-digital variable-rate continuous-time delta-sigma modulator ADC. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 45(12), 2634–2646 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Straayer, M.Z., Perrott, M.H.: A 12-bit, 10-MHz bandwidth, continuous-time ADC with a 5-bit, 950-MS/s VCO-based quantizer. IEEE J Solid State Circuits 43(4), 805–814 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Reddy, K., Rao, S., Inti, R., Young, B., Elshazly, A., Talegaonkar, M., Hanumolu, P.K.: A 16-mW 78-dB SNDR 10-MHz BW CT ADC using residue-cancelling VCO-based quantizer. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 47(12), 2916–2927 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Reddy, K., Dey, S., Rao, S., Young, B., Prabha, P., Hanumolu, P.K.: A 54mW 1.2 GS/s 71.5 dB SNDR 50MHz BW VCO-based CT \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC using dual phase/frequency feedback in 65 nm CMOS. In: IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits, Kyoto, pp. C256–C257 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Rao, S., Young, B., Elshazly, A., Yin, W., Sasidhar, N., Hanumolu, P.K.: A 71dB SFDR open loop VCO-based ADC using 2-level PWM modulation. In: IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits, Kyoto (2011)

    Google Scholar 

  11. Sanyal, A., Ragab, K., Chen, L., Viswanathan, T., Yan, S., Sun, N.: A hybrid SAR-VCO \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC with first-order noise shaping. In: IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, San Jose, pp. 1–4 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ragab, K., Sun, N.: A 12b ENOB, 2.5 MHz-BW, 4.8 mW VCO-based 0-1 MASH ADC with direct digital background nonlinearity calibration. In: IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, San Jose, pp. 1–4 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  13. Ragab, K., Sun, N.: A 12b ENOB, 2.5 MHz-BW, 4.8 mW VCO-based 0-1 MASH ADC with direct digital background nonlinearity calibration. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 52(2), 433–447 (2017)

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lee, K., Yoon, Y., Sun, N.: A scaling-friendly low-power small-area \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC with VCO-based integrator and intrinsic mismatch shaping capability. IEEE J. Emerg. Sel. Top. Circuits Syst. 5(4), 561–573 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Yoon, Y., Lee, K., Hong, S., Tang, X., Chen, L., Sun, N.: A 0.04-mm 2 0.9-mW 71-dB SNDR distributed modula \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC with VCO-based integrator and digital DAC calibration. In: IEEE Custom Integrated Circuits Conference, San Jose, pp. 1–4 (2015)

    Google Scholar 

  16. Li, S., Sun, N.: A 174.3 dB FoM VCO-based CT \(\Delta \Sigma \) modulator with a fully digital phase extended quantizer and tri-level resistor DAC in 130nm CMOS. In: IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference, Lausanne, pp. 241–244 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  17. Sanyal, A., Sun, N.: A 18.5-fJ/step VCO-based 0-1 MASH \(\Delta \Sigma \) ADC with digital background calibration. In: IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits, Honolulu, pp. 1–2 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Fredenburg, J., Flynn, M.: A 90-MS/s 11-MHz-bandwidth 62-dB SNDR noise-shaping SAR ADC. In: IEEE ISSCC Digest of Technical Papers, San Francisco, pp. 468–470, Feb 2012

    Google Scholar 

  19. Chen, Z., Miyahara, M., Matsuzawa, A.: A 9.35-ENOB, 14.8 fJ/conv.-step fully-passive noise-shaping SAR ADC. In: IEEE Symposium on VLSI Circuits Digest, Kyoto, pp. C64–C65, June 2015

    Google Scholar 

  20. Guo, W., Sun, N.: A 12b-ENOB 61μW noise-shaping SAR ADC with a passive integrator. In: IEEE European Solid-State Circuits Conference, Lausanne, pp. 405–408, 2016

    Google Scholar 

  21. Sun, N., Lee, H.-S., Ham, D.: A 2.9-mW 11-b 20-MS/s pipelined ADC with dual-mode-based digital background calibration. In: IEEE European Solid State Circuits Conference, Bordeaux, pp. 269–272, 2012

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kauffman, J., Witte, P., Lehmann, M., Becker, J., Manoli, Y., Ortmanns, M.: A 72 dB DR, CT \(\Delta \Sigma \) modulator using digitally estimated, auxiliary DAC linearization achieving 88 fJ/conv-step in a 25 MHz BW. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 49(2), 392–404 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Lee, H., Hodges, D., Gray, P.: A self-calibrating 15 bit CMOS A/D converter. IEEE J. Solid State Circuits 19(6), 813–819 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Nan Sun .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 Springer International Publishing AG

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Sanyal, A., Guo, W., Sun, N. (2018). Hybrid VCO Based 0-1 MASH and Hybrid ΔΣ SAR. In: Harpe, P., Makinwa, K., Baschirotto, A. (eds) Hybrid ADCs, Smart Sensors for the IoT, and Sub-1V & Advanced Node Analog Circuit Design. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61285-0_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61285-0_4

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-61284-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-61285-0

  • eBook Packages: EngineeringEngineering (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics