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Introduction: Temporary Migration in European-Asian Social Spaces

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Characteristics of Temporary Migration in European-Asian Transnational Social Spaces

Part of the book series: International Perspectives on Migration ((IPMI,volume 14))

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Abstract

One of the key tendencies in the contemporary world is the increase in the volumes of people’s mobility back and forth between nation-states for various reasons as well as the rise of people’s engagement in cross-border social ties. People ‘migrate, oscillate, circulate or tour’ (O’Reilly 2007: 281) between their home and host countries, which means that they may leave one country, move to a second and then either settle there or return to their native country, or move on to a third.

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Notes

  1. 1.

    Social spaces, as understood in this book, refers to cross-border social ties and practices on different societal levels between temporary migrants and non-migrants that link places of origin with transit countries, as well as with previous and present countries of destination (Faist 2000).

  2. 2.

    The project sought to attain an understanding of current temporary transnational migration between Asian and European countries. For more information on the project, see http://www.uta.fi/eura-net

  3. 3.

    Abel and Sander (2014) consider in their calculations the most relevant 24 European countries of destination.

  4. 4.

    Highly skilled migration includes according to the definition of Eurostat highly skilled workers, researchers and EU Blue Card holders. The numbers of this group of highly skilled migrants rose from 42,403 in 2011 to 47,373 in 2015 (Eurostat 2016a).

  5. 5.

    First permits issued for education reasons (study) increased from 145,364 in 2011 to 470,033 in 2015 (Eurostat 2016b).

  6. 6.

    The numbers refer to rounded aggregated data on asylum and first-time asylum applications and increased from 431,090 in 2013 to 1,322,825 in 2015 (Eurostat 2016c).

  7. 7.

    For example, Korpela, Hyytiä and Pitkänen (in this book) note that in Finland, next to highly skilled, also low-skilled migrants represent a significant temporary migrant category, as seen in the case of seasonal berry pickers from Thailand.

  8. 8.

    Data from Germany, Greece, France, Cyprus, Malta, Poland, Portugal and the UK are not provided by Eurostat; consequently these countries are not considered in this number.

  9. 9.

    Data from the Czech Republic, Germany, Greece, France, Croatia, Cyprus, Latvia, Luxembourg, Hungary, Malta, Austria Poland, Portugal, Romania and the UK are not provided by Eurostat and are not included in this number.

  10. 10.

    The migratory conditions occasioned by the Brexit referendum in the summer of 2016 and the UK’s request in early spring 2017 to exit the EU were at the time of this research not relevant and at the time of the publication of this book still very uncertain. Travis (2017), for instance, in a recent report in The Guardian suggests that the net temporary inflows into the UK decreased sharply after the referendum. Yet, there is no certainly about the consequences for migration flows after the Brexit petition, neither is there certainty about the effects on migrant trajectories of those who already lived in the UK previous to the Brexit negotiations.

  11. 11.

    Fangmeng and Xiaojiang (in this book) for the case of China and Rajan, Suresh and Mahalingam (in this book) for the case of India found that both of these sending countries are very actively engaged in return.

  12. 12.

    Lifestyle migrants are seldom a recognised category at all but considered tourists in spite of their long sojourns at the destination.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Sociology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany

    Mustafa Aksakal & Kerstin Schmidt

  2. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Mari Korpela

  3. Faculty of Education, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Pirkko Pitkänen

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  1. Mustafa Aksakal
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  2. Kerstin Schmidt
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  4. Pirkko Pitkänen
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Correspondence to Mustafa Aksakal .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Education, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Pirkko Pitkänen

  2. Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Tampere, Tampere, Finland

    Mari Korpela

  3. Fakultät für Soziologie, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany

    Mustafa Aksakal

  4. Fakultät für Soziologie, Universität Bielefeld, Nordrhein-Westfalen, Germany

    Kerstin Schmidt

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Aksakal, M., Schmidt, K., Korpela, M., Pitkänen, P. (2018). Introduction: Temporary Migration in European-Asian Social Spaces. In: Pitkänen, P., Korpela, M., Aksakal, M., Schmidt, K. (eds) Characteristics of Temporary Migration in European-Asian Transnational Social Spaces. International Perspectives on Migration, vol 14. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61258-4_1

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