Skip to main content

Protection of Human Rights Defenders

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Protecting Human Rights Defenders in Latin America
  • 381 Accesses

Abstract

The chapter explains who the human rights defenders are and sets out the reasons why they must be protected by states. It then presents some examples of national public policies for the protection of human rights defenders and journalists in order to analyse contemporary improvements in national legislation and policy, national protective mechanisms, and/or mobilization of other state institutions, all of which designed to protect human rights defenders and give value to their work. Finally, it highlights the responses of Latin American countries to the grave situation of their human rights defenders and journalists.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Bibliography

  • Acosta, M. (2016). Fortalecimiento del Mecanismo. In L. R. G. Pérez (org.), En defensa de periodistas y defensores de derechos humanos en riesgo. Ciudad de México, CDMX: Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos-CNDH y Tirant lo Blanch.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bennett, K., Ingleton, D., Nah, A. M., & Savage, J. (2015). Critical Perspectives on the Security and Protection of Human Rights Defenders. The International Journal of Human Rights, 19(7), 883–895.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brinks, D. M. (2008). The Judicial Response to Police Killings in Latin America: Inequality and the Rule of Law. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cedano, P. R. (2008). La Criminalización de la Protesta Social en México. In K. Buhl & C. Korol (orgs.), Criminalización de la Protesta y de los Movimientos Sociales. São Paulo: Ed. Fundación Rosa de Luxemburgo Stiftung.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cedano, P. R. (2014). The Mechanism for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders and Journalists. In Focus 2014 – Public Policies for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Latest Trends. Brussels: Protection International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cedano, P. R. (2016). Antecedentes y evolución del Mecanismo de Protección de Personas Defensoras y Periodistas. In L. R. G. Pérez (org.), En defensa de periodistas y defensores de derechos humanos en riesgo. Ciudad de México, CDMX: Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos-CNDH y Tirant lo Blanch.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cedano, P. R. (2017). A cuatro anos del mecanismo de protección de personas defensoras y periodistas. In Revista Resiliencia. Retrieved April 4, 2017, from http://www.revistaresiliencia.org/articulos/a-cuatro-anos-del-mecanismo-de-proteccion-de-personas-defensoras-y-periodistas/

  • Dagnino, E. (1993). An Alternative World Order and the Meaning of Democracy. In J. Brecher, J. B. Childs, & J. Cutler (Eds.), Global Visions: Beyond the New World Order. New York, NY: South End Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (1994). Os Movimentos Sociais e a Emergência de uma Nova Nocao de Cidadania. In E. Dagnino (Ed.), Anos 90: Política e Sociadade no Brasil. São Paulo, SP: Editora Brasiliense.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (1998). Culture, Citizenship, and Democracy: Changing Discourses and Practices of the Latin American Left. In S. E. Alvarez, E. Dagnino, & A. Escobar (Eds.), Culture of Politics, Politics of Culture: Re-visioning Latin American Social Movements. London: Westview Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2001). Os movimentos sociais e a construção da democracia no Brasil: Tendências recentes. JILAS—Journal of Iberian and Latin American Studies, 7(1), 75–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2005). “We All Have Rights But …”: Contesting Conceptions of Citizenship in Brazil. In N. Kabeer (Ed.), Inclusive Citizenship. Meaning and Expressions of Citizenship (pp. 147–163). Chicago, IL: Zed Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2007a). Dimensions of Citizenship in Contemporary Brazil. Fordham Law Review, 75(5), 2469–2482.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2007b). Citizenship: A Perverse Confluence. Development in Practice, 17(4/5), 549–556.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2008a). Civic Driven Changes and Political Projects. In A. Fowler & K. Bierkhart (Eds.), Civic Driven Change. Citizen’s Imagination in Action. The Hague: Institute of Social Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dagnino, E. (2008b). Conceptualizing Culture: A Perspective from the South. Cultural Processes Newsletter of the Research Network Sociology of Culture, European Sociological Association, 1, 18–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fact Sheet No. 29. (2004). Human Rights Defenders: Protecting the Right to Defend Human Rights. Geneva: Office of the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández, L. E. E., & Patel, C. (2015). Towards Developing a Critical and Ethical Approach for Better Recognising and Protecting Human Rights Defenders. The International Journal of Human Rights, 19(7), 896–907.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Flores, J. H. M. (2011). El Derecho a Defender los Derechos: La Protección a Defensores y Defensoras de Derechos Humanos en el Sistema Interamericano. Ciudad de México, CDMX: Colección Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos, Comisión Nacional de los Derechos Humanos.

    Google Scholar 

  • Focus Report. (2013). Public Policies for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: The State of the Art. Brussels: Protection International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Focus Report. (2014). Public Policies for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Latest Trends. Brussels: Protection International.

    Google Scholar 

  • François, C., Littmann, J., Falloux, J., Bernard, A., Reculeau, D., Duarte, M., et al. (2004). The Observatory for the Protection of HRDs Annual Report 2004. Geneva: FIDH and OMCT.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gaio, C. E., Aragão, D. M., Frigo, F., Gorsdorf, L., & Carvalho, S. (2006). On the Front Line: Human Rights Defenders in Brazil—2002–2005. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Justiça Global and Terra de Direitos.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gohn, M. G. (1997). Teorias dos Movimentos Sociais: paradigmas clássicos e contemporaneous. São Paulo, SP: Edições Loyola.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gohn, M. G. (2012). História dos movimentos sociais no Brasil: a construção da cidadania dos brasileiros. São Paulo, SP: Edições Loyola.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gohn, M. G., & Bringel, B. M. (Eds.). (2012). Movimentos sociais na era global. Petrópolis, RJ: Editora Vozes.

    Google Scholar 

  • ISHR & ICAR. (2016). Human Rights Defenders in National Action Plans (NAPs) on Business and Human Rights: A Thematic Supplement to “National Action Plans on Business and Human Rights: A Toolkit for the Development, Implementation, and Review of State Commitments to Business and Human Rights Frameworks”. Geneva: International Service for Human Rights (ISHR) and International Corporate Accountability Roundtable (ICAR). Retrieved April 7, 2017, from https://www.ishr.ch/sites/default/files/documents/ishr_icar_hrds_in_naps_guidance_eng.pdf

  • Juarez, R. S. (2016). Defensores de derechos humanos y periodistas. Un acercamiento conceptual. In L. R. G. Pérez (org.), En defensa de periodistas y defensores de derechos humanos en riesgo. Ciudad de México, CDMX: Comisión Nacional de Derechos Humanos-CNDH y Tirant lo Blanch.

    Google Scholar 

  • Medeiros, G. J. M. (2012). O Direito a Defender Direitos: Os Desafios na Proteção dos Defensores de Direitos Humanos. Joao Pessoa, PB: Dissertação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB.

    Google Scholar 

  • OHCHR. (2011). Commentary to the Declaration on the Rights and Responsibility of Individuals, Groups and Organs of Society to Promote and Protect Universally Recognized Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms. New York, NY: OHCHR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orozco, Jesus H. (2014). A “Global Policy to Protect Human Rights Defenders”; President of the IACHR and IACHR Rapporteur on Human Rights Defenders, in Focus 2014—Public Policies for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Latest Trends (Protection International), p. 12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quintana, M. M. (2012). Herramientas para la proteccion de mujeres defensoras de derechos humanos. Ciudad de Guatamala: UDEFEGUA. Protection International Retrieved March 7, 2017, from http://protectionline.org/files/2012/11/herramientas_defensoras.pdf

  • Quintana, M. M., & Fernandéz, E. E. (2011). Protection of Human Rights Defenders: Best Practices and Lessons Learnt. Brussels: Protection International. Retrieved April 7, 2017, from http://protectioninternational.org/

  • Santos, B. S. (2007). Renovar a Teoria Crítica e reinventar a emancipação social. São Paulo, SP: Boitempo.

    Google Scholar 

  • Silva, L. G. M. (2014). Quem Defende os Defensores? Do Reconhecimento à Construção de uma Política de Proteção aos Defensores de Direitos Humanos no Brasil. Joao Pessoa, PB: Dissertação, Universidade Federal da Paraíba-UFPB.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2010). A política pública de assistência jurídica: a defensoria pública no Maranhão como reivindicação do campo democrático popular. Curitiba, PR: Juruá Editora.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2016a). Defensores (as) de Direitos Humanos, Direitos Econômicos, Sociais e Culturais e Cidadania Plena no Brasil. In C. M. C. Gonçalves, T. A. C. Jesus, & Y. Costa (orgs.), Biodiversidade, Democracia e Direitos Humanos. Rio de Janeiro, RJ: Lúmen Juris.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2016b). Law and the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: An Analysis of the Brazilian Legal Framework for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders. Revista Direito UFMS, 1(2), 23–53.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2016c). Law and the Protection of Human Rights Defenders: An Analysis of the International, Inter-American, and Brazilian Legal Frameworks for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders. Revista Argumentum—RA, 17, 361–386.

    Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2016d). Making the Human Rights Talk Matter: Are the Brazilian State’s Practices Really Following Its Rhetoric Towards the Protection of Human Rights Defenders in the Country? Revista Quaestio Iuris, 9(4), 2263–2311.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (2017). Democracy, Social Authoritarianism, and the Human Rights State Theory: Towards Effective Citizenship in Brazil. The International Journal of Human Rights, 21(3), 289–305.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terto Neto, U. (forthcoming). From Military Authoritarian Rule to Constitutional Democracy: An Overview of the Politics of Human Rights Through the Brazilian Re-democratization Revista de Direitos Fundamentais & Democracia, Curitiba.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Terto Neto, U. (2018). Protection of Human Rights Defenders. In: Protecting Human Rights Defenders in Latin America. Governance, Development, and Social Inclusion in Latin America. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-61094-8_2

Download citation

Publish with us

Policies and ethics