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Design Thinking Research pp 251–273Cite as

Priming Designers Leads to Prime Designs

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Part of the book series: Understanding Innovation ((UNDINNO))

Abstract

Priming has been used by behavioral psychologists to discover many interesting findings regarding human judgments and decisions. This paper offers two studies and a literature review that highlight how designers use priming to fine-tune their skills. In the past, designers have used priming exercises to help them generate more features, novel features, and uncover latent customer needs during conceptualization. This paper presents two newer design methods that actively prime designers to exhibit or accentuate certain skills during the conceptual design process. They both use primes that require active participation from the subject and sensory/perceptual engagement. Study 1 uses priming to improve designers’ product-based communication abilities. Both a low-immersion implicit prime and a high-immersion implicit prime help designers generate more concepts. Additionally, the high-immersion prime leads to better communication of sustainability through the design. Study 2 fosters user-centered originality in design with an explicit priming technique of empathic lead users. This study finds that subjects in the high-immersion priming condition generate design concepts with higher levels of originality and more innovative features targeting product-user interactions, without loss in feasibility. Taken together with findings from other researchers, we conclude that both implicit and explicit priming are promising techniques that can be used to enhance design skills.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. MathWorks, Natick, MA, 01760, USA

    Jinjuan She

  2. Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, 78712, USA

    Carolyn Conner Seepersad

  3. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Aalto University, Design Factory, Aalto, 00076, Finland

    Katja Holtta-Otto

  4. Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, 416 Escondido Mall, Stanford, CA, USA, 94305-2203

    Erin F. MacDonald

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  1. Jinjuan She
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  2. Carolyn Conner Seepersad
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  3. Katja Holtta-Otto
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  4. Erin F. MacDonald
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Correspondence to Erin F. MacDonald .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering , Potsdam, Germany

    Hasso Plattner

  2. Hasso Plattner Institute for Software Systems Engineering , Potsdam, Germany

    Christoph Meinel

  3. Stanford University , Stanford, California, USA

    Larry Leifer

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She, J., Seepersad, C.C., Holtta-Otto, K., MacDonald, E.F. (2018). Priming Designers Leads to Prime Designs. In: Plattner, H., Meinel, C., Leifer, L. (eds) Design Thinking Research. Understanding Innovation. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-60967-6_13

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