Skip to main content

People-Flow Counting Using Depth Images for Embedded Processing

  • Conference paper
  • First Online:
Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR 2017)

Part of the book series: Lecture Notes in Computer Science ((LNIP,volume 10317))

Included in the following conference series:

  • 2655 Accesses

Abstract

This paper proposes a people-flow counting algorithm using top-view depth images for implementation on low-power, embedded processors. In the people detection stage the algorithm uses morphological connected filters to find head candidates, and in the tracking stage it uses Kalman filtering in order to obtain good predictions in frames where detection fails. A fast interpolation algorithm is also proposed, which estimates the values of pixels affected by noise and generates an image with a continuous domain. The experiments were done using a Kinect sensor and the processing was performed in real time on a Raspberry Pi 3. The dataset consisted of 4025 short video sequences of people entering and exiting indoor environments, obtained from three different installations. The algorithm proved to be adequate for an embedded application, reaching an accuracy of 98% for frame rates as low as 5.5 FPS.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  1. Bernini, N., Bombini, L., Buzzoni, M., Cerri, P., Grisleri, P.: An embedded system for counting passengers in public transportation vehicles. In: 2014 IEEE/ASME 10th International Conference on Mechatronic and Embedded Systems and Applications (MESA), pp. 1–6, September 2014

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bondi, E., Seidenari, L., Bagdanov, A.D., Del Bimbo, A.: Real-time people counting from depth imagery of crowded environments. In: 2014 11th IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance (AVSS), pp. 337–342. IEEE (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  3. Borgefors, G.: Distance transformations in digital images. Comput. Vis. Graph. Image Process. 34(3), 344–371 (1986)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Burbano, A., Bouaziz, S., Vasiliu, M.: 3D-sensing distributed embedded system for people tracking and counting. In: 2015 International Conference on Computational Science and Computational Intelligence (CSCI), pp. 470–475, December 2015

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dougherty, E.R., Lotufo, R.A.: Hands-on Morphological Image Processing. SPIE Tutorial Texts in Optical Engineering, vol. TT59. SPIE Publications, Bellingham (2003)

    Book  Google Scholar 

  6. Kalman, R.E.: A new approach to linear filtering and prediction problems. J. Basic Eng. 82(1), 35–45 (1960)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Malawski, F.: Top-view people counting in public transportation using Kinect. Chall. Mod. Technol. 5, 17–20 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  8. Sgouropoulos, D., Spyrou, E., Siantikos, G., Giannakopoulos, T.: Counting and tracking people in a smart room: an IoT approach. In: 2015 10th International Workshop on Semantic and Social Media Adaptation and Personalization (SMAP), pp. 1–5, November 2015

    Google Scholar 

  9. Yang, D.B., Gonzlez-Baos, H.H., Guibas, L.J.: Counting people in crowds with a real-time network of simple image sensors. In: 2003 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision, pp. 122–129. IEEE (2003)

    Google Scholar 

  10. Zhang, E., Chen, F.: A fast and robust people counting method in video surveillance, pp. 339–343. IEEE, December 2007

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Guilherme S. Soares .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG

About this paper

Cite this paper

Soares, G.S., Machado, R.C., Lotufo, R.A. (2017). People-Flow Counting Using Depth Images for Embedded Processing. In: Karray, F., Campilho, A., Cheriet, F. (eds) Image Analysis and Recognition. ICIAR 2017. Lecture Notes in Computer Science(), vol 10317. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59876-5_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59876-5_27

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59875-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59876-5

  • eBook Packages: Computer ScienceComputer Science (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics