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Evolution and Future of Human Health and Environmental Risk Assessment

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Modelling the Fate of Chemicals in the Environment and the Human Body

Part of the book series: The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry ((HEC,volume 57))

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Abstract

Human Health Risk Assessment (HHRA) and Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) are well-established regulatory and scientific research fields that support regulatory decision-making in the European Union (EU) and are undergoing constant development. HHRA and ERA are crucial steps for reaching the objectives of Europe 2020, a strategy put forward by the Commission that sets out a vision of Europe’s social market economy for the twenty-first century. This chapter aims to describe the basic principles, the evolution and the future challenges of HHRA and ERA.

The first part defines HHRA and ERA and describes the origins of risk assessment and management procedures at an international level. The precautionary principle has always been present in the European Union policies that aim to protect health and the environment.

In the second part, current approaches that characterise risk assessment, such as the tiered approach, are presented. In the future, the implementation of recent scientific developments for the construction of integrated exposure scenarios models is of paramount importance to improve environmental and health risk assessment schemes. Moreover, the evaluation of uncertainties in the modelling inputs and outputs and the sensitivity analysis are two key elements to optimise current HHRA and ERA procedures.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. DiSTAS, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy

    Nicoleta Alina Suciu & Silvia Panizzi

  2. EDF R&D, National Hydraulics and Environment Laboratory, 6 quai Watier, 78400, Chatou, France

    Philippe Ciffroy

  3. Department of Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research, IDAEA-CSIC, Jordi Girona, 18-26, Barcelona, Spain

    Antoni Ginebreda & Damià Barceló

  4. Aeiforia srl, str. Faggiola 12/16, 29027, Gariga di Podenzano, PC, Italy

    Alice Tediosi

  5. OPERA Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, via Emilia Parmense 84, 29122, Piacenza, Italy

    Ettore Capri

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  1. Nicoleta Alina Suciu
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  2. Silvia Panizzi
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. National Hydraulics and Environment Laboratory, EDF R&D, Chatou, France

    Philippe Ciffroy

  2. Aeiforia srl , Gariga di Podenzano, Piacenza, Italy

    Alice Tediosi

  3. OPERA Research Center, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Piacenza, Italy

    Ettore Capri

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Suciu, N.A. et al. (2018). Evolution and Future of Human Health and Environmental Risk Assessment. In: Ciffroy, P., Tediosi, A., Capri, E. (eds) Modelling the Fate of Chemicals in the Environment and the Human Body. The Handbook of Environmental Chemistry, vol 57. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59502-3_1

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