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Major Lifestyles and Phenotypes in Aging and Disease

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Dietary Patterns and Whole Plant Foods in Aging and Disease

Part of the book series: Nutrition and Health ((NH))

Abstract

Since an estimated 70 to 80% of the rate of aging is related to lifestyle choices, it is possible for individuals to significantly influence their odds of healthy aging and longevity, even if healthy lifestyles are adopted later in life. Unhealthy or premature aging, which is largely associated with excessive intake of Western energy dense diets and sedentary lifestyles, involves a complex interplay between obesity and related metabolic dysfunctional effects leading to increased risk of chronic disease and mortality and reduced healthy life expectancy. In general, obesity, especially central adiposity, represents a state of accelerated aging as adipose cells produce adipokines, which can lead to increased systemic and tissue inflammation and peripheral insulin resistance. Metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes and prediabetes, and sarcopenia are major unhealthy aging phenotypes, which can be prevented by appropriate lifestyle choices. The concept of healthy aging includes healthy life expectancy (e.g., absence or delay of chronic diseases and the maintenance of cognitive, physical, and other functions with limited dependence on family members or extended care assistant living) and longevity. Since a higher percentage of people worldwide are surviving to older ages, it is critical to promote optimal healthy aging lifestyle habits to assure quality of life for aging individuals and their families, and for sustainable healthcare cost management. The probability of healthy aging can be significantly increased by following a healthy lifestyle even if it is adopted in middle age adulthood or older. These lifestyle choices include: adhering to a healthy dietary pattern, increasing physical activity most days of the week, achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight and waist size, smoking avoidance.

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Dreher, M.L. (2018). Major Lifestyles and Phenotypes in Aging and Disease. In: Dietary Patterns and Whole Plant Foods in Aging and Disease. Nutrition and Health. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59180-3_1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59180-3_1

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  • Publisher Name: Humana Press, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-59179-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-59180-3

  • eBook Packages: MedicineMedicine (R0)

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