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The Coastal Desert of Egypt

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Plant Responses to Hyperarid Desert Environments

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Abstract

The coastal deserts in Egypt are found along the Mediterranean (east and west), the Red Sea, and the Gulfs of Suez and Aqaba in Sinai Peninsula. The variations in their floristic composition and vegetation structure are varied considerably. The association between the landform units and their floristic features showed significant differences. In the meanwhile, the biological spectrum and chorological analyses of the flora exhibited a general trend in both dominance and structure. Climatic variations, especially rainfall, between the different geographical areas play a profound role in the species distribution patterns. The relationships between the vegetation and the prevailing environmental characteristics indicated the importance of certain soil factors such as coarse and fine sediments, moisture content, electrical conductivity, pH, and organic matter. The distance from the sea and altitude were other significant factors in delimiting species distribution.

The original version of this chapter was revised. An erratum to this chapter can be found at DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-59135-3_14

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Botany and Microbiology, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Monier M. Abd El-Ghani

  2. Department of Applied Ecology, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico

    Francisco Martín Huerta-Martínez

  3. College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China

    Liu Hongyan

  4. Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan

    Rahmatullah Qureshi

Authors
  1. Monier M. Abd El-Ghani
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  2. Francisco Martín Huerta-Martínez
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  3. Liu Hongyan
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  4. Rahmatullah Qureshi
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Photo 3.1
figure 21

Euphorbia dendroides growing on Sallum Pateaux along the Egyptian–Libyan borders

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Photo 3.2
figure 22

The limestone plateaux along the Mediterranean western coastal desert showing sparse vegetation

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Photo 3.3
figure 23

Shrubs of Thymelaea hirsuta dominating the desert vegetation in Sallum area

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Photo 3.4
figure 24

Cistanche phelypaea ; a desert parasite in the Sallum area

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Photo 3.5
figure 25

Vigor growth of Chrysanthemum coronarium growing in the limestone plateaux of the Sallum area

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Photo 3.6
figure 26

Inland desert vegetation of Haloxylon salicornicum in the Sallum area. Note the coastal sand dunes in the background

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El-Ghani, M.M.A., Huerta-Martínez, F.M., Hongyan, L., Qureshi, R. (2017). The Coastal Desert of Egypt. In: Plant Responses to Hyperarid Desert Environments. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-59135-3_3

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