Skip to main content

Beer on! The Evolution of Micro- and Craft Brewing in the UK

Abstract

This chapter explores and examines the evolution of micro-breweries and craft brewing in the UK. Using data gathered from different sources, the author describes and discusses the evolution of the British brewing industry in the past two centuries, focusing on the impressive increase in the number of small breweries occurred in the UK since the start of 2000s. In particular, the author considers the impact of new breweries on expanding the range and variety of beers available for customers, and the role of these businesses within local economies and communities. Findings of the analysis are elaborated with regard to possible future directions for the British brewing industry, addressing opportunities and challenges for micro- and small craft breweries operating in the country.

Keywords

  • Micro-breweries
  • Craft Beers
  • Local Economic Development
  • United Kingdom

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution.

Fig. 14.1

Source BBPA 2015

Fig. 14.2

Note *Estimated for SIBA surveyed members in 2015, accounting for 60% of total UK breweries. Source SIBA (2016)

Fig. 14.3

Notes *Counts of responses provided in bars, percentages on top. Estimated for SIBA surveyed members in 2015, accounting for 60% of total UK breweries. Source SIBA (2016)

Fig. 14.4

Notes *Estimated for SIBA surveyed members in 2015, accounting for 60% of total UK breweries. yo = years old. Source SIBA (2016)

Fig. 14.5

Note *Estimated for SIBA surveyed members in 2015, accounting for 60% of total UK breweries. Source SIBA (2016)

Notes

  1. 1.

    ABV stands for alcohol by volume. Cask-conditioned ale is defined as unfiltered and unpasteurized beer which needs conditioning (including secondary fermentation) when delivered to the pub cellar; the beer is served from a cask without additional nitrogen or carbon dioxide pressure. In the UK, cask-conditioned ale is also referred to as “real ale.”

References

  • Andrews, D., & Turner, S. (2012). Is the pub still the hub? International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality and Management, 24(4), 1–11.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Bamforth, C., & Cabras, I. (2016). Interesting times: Changes in brewing. In I. Cabras, D. Higgins, & D. Preece (Eds.), Beer, brewing and pubs: A global perpective. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • British Beer, & Pubs Association. (2013, 2016). Statistical handbook—A compilation of drinks industry statistics. London: Brewers Hall.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabras, I. (2011). Industrial and provident societies and village pubs: Exploring community cohesion in rural britain. Environment and Planning A, 43(10), 2435–2451.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras, I. (2016). A pint of success: How beer is revitalizing cities and local economies in the UK. In N. Chapman, J. Lellock, & C. Lippard (Eds.), Untapped: Exploring the cultural dimensions of the craft beer revolution. Morgantown: West Virginia University Press. ISBN: 978-1-943665-68-6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabras, I., & Bamforth, C. (2016). From reviving tradition to fostering innovation and changing marketing: The evolution of micro-brewing in the UK and US, 1980–2012. Business History, 58(5), 625–646.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Cabras, I. Canduela, J., & Raeside, R. (2012). The relation of village and rural pubs with community life and people’s well-being in Great Britain. German Journal of Agricultural Economics, 61(4), 265–274.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, G. R. (1985). Concentration and specialization: Dynamics of niche width in populations of organizations. American Journal of Sociology, 90(6) 1261–1283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, G. R., & Swaminathan, A. (1992). The organizational ecology of strategic groups in the American brewing industry from 1975 to 1990. Industrial and Corporate Change, 1(1), 65–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Flacks, W. (1997). American microbreweries and neolocalism: “Ale-ing” for a sense of place. Journal of Cultural Geography, 16(2), 37–53.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fry, J., Pugh, G., Tyrrall, D., & Wyld, J. (2001). The use of the world wide web by UK independent breweries: Global reach or global invisibility? Milton Keynes: The Open University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Danson, M., Galloway, L., Cabras, I., & Beatty, C. (2015). Micro-brewing and entrepreneurship: The origins, development and integration of real ale breweries. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 16(2), 135–144.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gilbert, D., & Smith, R. (1992). The UK brewing industry: Past, present and future. International Journal of Wine Marketing, 4(1), 19–27.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Glover, B. (1988). New beer guide. London: David and Charles.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gourvish, T. R. (1994). Economics of brewing, theory and practice: Concentration and technological change in the USA, UK, and West Germany since 1945. Business and Economic History, 23(1), 253–261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gourvish, T. R., & Wilson, R. G. (1994). The British brewing industry 1830–1980. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gourvish, T. R., & Wilson, R. G. (1998). Concentration, diversity and firm strategy in European brewing. In R. G. Wilson & T. R. Gourvish (Eds.), The dynamics of the international brewing industry since 1800 (pp. 1945–1990). London: Routledge.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jackson, M. (1988). The new world guide to beer. Philadelphia: Running Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jennings, P. (2002). The local: A history of the English pub. London: History Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knowles, T., & Egan, M. (2002). The changing structure of the brewing and pub retailing. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 14(2), 65–71.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maye, D. (2011). Real ale microbrewing and relations of trust: A commodity chain perspective. Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, 103(4), 473–486.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, C., & McNally, K. (1997). Market change, distribution, and new firm formation and growth: The case of real-ale breweries in the United Kingdom. Environment and Planning A, 29(2), 405–417.

    Google Scholar 

  • Poelmans, E., & Swinnen, J. (2011). A brief economic history of beer. In J. Swinnen (Ed.), The economics of beer. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pratten, J. (2007). The development of the modern UK public house—Part 1: The traditional British public house of the twentieth century. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 19(4), 335–342.

    Google Scholar 

  • Preece, D., Steven, G., & Steven, V. (1999). Work, change and competition: Managing for bass. London: Routledge.

    CrossRef  Google Scholar 

  • Preece, D. (2016). Turbulence in UK public house retailing: Ramifications and responses. In I. Cabras, D. Higgins, & D. Preece (Eds.), Beer, brewing and pubs: A global perpective. London: Palgrave Macmillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Putnam, R. (1995). Bowling alone: America’s declining social capital. Journal of Democracy, 6(1), 65–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Society of Independent Brewers. (2016). British beer: The report on the 2016 members’ Survey. Burton-on-Trent: SIBA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Slade, M. (2004). Market power and joint dominance in UK brewing. Journal of Industrial Economics, 52(1), 133–163.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stack, M. (2000). Local and regional breweries in America’s brewing industry, 1865 to 1920. The Business History Review, 74(3), 435–463.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swann, P. (2010, June 16–18). The fall and rise of the local brew: Process innovation, horizontal product innovation and the geographic dispersion of breweries in England, 1900–2004. Paper presented at the DRUID summer conference on “Opening Up Innovation: Strategy, Organization and Technology”, Imperial College London Business School.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taplin, I., Gammerlgaard, J., Dorrenbacher, C., & Geppert, M. (2011). The demise of aunheuser-busch: Arrogance, hubris and strategic weakness in the face of strategic internationalisation. In J. Gammerlgaard & C. Dorrenbacher (Eds.), The global brewing industry. London: Edward Elgar.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tremblay, C. H., & Tremblay, V. J. (2009). Recent economic developments in the import and craft segments of the brewing industry. In J. Swinnen (Ed.), The economics of beer. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wyld, J., Pugh, G., & Tyrrall, D. (2010). Evaluating the impact of progressive beer duty on small breweries: A case study of tax breaks to promote SMEs. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 28(1), 225–240.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Ignazio Cabras .

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and Permissions

Copyright information

© 2018 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this chapter

Cabras, I. (2018). Beer on! The Evolution of Micro- and Craft Brewing in the UK. In: Garavaglia, C., Swinnen, J. (eds) Economic Perspectives on Craft Beer. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58235-1_14

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-58235-1_14

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-58234-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-58235-1

  • eBook Packages: Economics and FinanceEconomics and Finance (R0)