Abstract
To truly make the case for a naturalistic afterlife that is factually plausible and emotionally pertinent, we have to return to the standard view of time and an evolutionary explanation of our consciousness and notion of self. First, it is established that important parts of the self do not depend on consciousness, contrary to popular belief. Further, the mental properties that make up personality/identity run on a continuum from the personal to the collective. This sets the stage for using the neuroscientist Antonio Damasio’s process theory of self, which regards consciousness as physically based and evolving, as the framework for making the crucial move in the book’s whole argument. It is proposed that we have a nonconscious communal self: that part of our personality through which we unwittingly enact social roles that help regulate societal well being. This nonconscious communal self lives on after death as part of inherited behavioral predispositions that are at the core of the process of cultural evolution.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
References
Angyal, Andras. 1941. Foundations for a Science of Personality. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press for the Commonwealth Fund. (Reprinted 1958).
Arendt, Hannah. 1968. The Concept of History. In Between Past and Future: Eight Exercises in Political Thought, 41–90. New York: Viking.
Bakan, David. 1968. The Duality of Human Existence: Isolation and Communion in Western Man. Boston: Beacon Press.
Boyle, Rebecca. 2016. Smallest Sliver of Time Yet Measured Sees Electrons Fleeing Atom. New Scientist, 11 November. Online at https://www.newscientist.com/article/2112537-smallest-sliver-of-time-yet-measured-sees-electrons-fleeing-atom. Accessed 19 Feb 2017.
Buss, David M. 2008. Human Nature and Individual Differences: Evolution of Human Personality. Pp. 29–61 in John et al. 2008.
Carroll, Sean. 2010. From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time. New York: Dutton.
Cornwall, Gordon. 2012. Being Protean—Johnston’s Narratives of Survival. Published on the Author’s Website The Phantom Self: A Case for Conceptual Reform, May 10. Online at http://phantomself.org/being-protean-johnstons-narratives-of-survival. Accessed 22 Nov 2014.
Damasio, Antonio R. 1999. The Feeling of What Happens: Body and Emotion in the Making of Consciousness. New York: Harcourt Brace.
Damasio, Antonio. 2010. Self Comes to Mind: Constructing the Conscious Brain. New York: Pantheon.
Dennett, Daniel C. 2006. Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New York: Viking.
Dennett, Daniel C. 2013. Intuition Pumps and Other Tools for Thinking. New York: W.W. Norton.
Hitchens, Christopher. 2012. Mortality. New York: Twelve.
John, Oliver P., Richard W. Robins, and Lawrence A. Pervin (eds.). 2008. Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 3rd ed. New York: The Guilford Press.
Johnston, Mark. 2010. Surviving Death. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
Koch, Christof. 2004. The Quest for Consciousness: A Neurobiological Approach. Englewood, CO: Roberts.
Lockwood, Michael. 2005. The Labyrinth of Time: Introducing the Universe. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
May, Todd. 2009. Death. Stocksfield, UK: Acumen.
Nixon, Kevin C. 2001. Phylogeny. In Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, vol. 4, ed. Simon Asher Levin, 559–568. San Diego: Academic Press.
Paulhus, Delroy L., and Paul D. Trapnell. 2008. Self-Presentation of Personality: An Agency–Communion Framework. Pp. 492–517 in John et al. 2008.
Richerson, Peter J., and Morten H. Christiansen (eds.). 2013a. Cultural Evolution: Society, Technology, Language, and Religion. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Richerson, Peter J., and Morten H. Christiansen. 2013b. Introduction. Pp. 1–21 in Richerson and Christiansen 2013a.
Robins, Richard W., Jessica L. Tracy, and Kali H. Trzesniewski. 2008. Naturalizing the Self. Pp. 421–447 in John et al. 2008.
Savitt, Steven. 2013. Being and Becoming in Modern Physics. In Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Fall 2013 edition, ed. Edward N. Zalta. Online at http://plato.stanford.edu/archives/fall2013/entries/spacetime-bebecome. Accessed 20 Jan 2015.
Scheffler, Samuel. 2013. Death and the Afterlife. ed. Niko Kolodny, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Schrödinger, Erwin. 1946. What is Life? The Physical Aspect of the Living Cell. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Silvertown, Jonathan. 2013. The Long and the Short of It: The Science of Life Span and Aging. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Swann, William B., Jr., and Jennifer K. Bosson. 2008. Identity Negotiation: A Theory of Self and Social Interaction. Pp. 448–471 in John et al. 2008.
Tegmark, Max. 2014. Our Mathematical Universe: My Quest for the Ultimate Nature of Reality. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
Wiggins, Jerry S. 1991. Agency and Communion as Conceptual Coordinates for the Understanding and Measurement of Interpersonal Behavior. In Thinking Clearly about Psychology, Essays in Honor of Paul E. Meehl—Volume 2: Personality and Psychopathology, eds. William M. Grove and Dante Cicchetti, 89–113. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 The Author(s)
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Harmon, D. (2017). Grounded. In: A Naturalistic Afterlife. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57978-8_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57978-8_6
Published:
Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-57977-1
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-57978-8
eBook Packages: Religion and PhilosophyPhilosophy and Religion (R0)