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Antecedents, Manifestations, and Consequences of Belief in Mind–Body Dualism

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The Science of Lay Theories

Abstract

In this chapter, we will discuss the cognitive and perceptual underpinnings, manifestations, and downstream consequences of common-sense belief in mind–body dualism. Reviewing literature from developmental, social, and cognitive psychology, as well as from experimental philosophy, we will propose a model for dualistic belief (self- and other-oriented) that incorporates both explicit and intuitive beliefs, their relation to one another, and the processes contributing to their respective formation, particularly mental-state inference and bodily self-awareness. We will further discuss different manifestations of dualistic beliefs with a focus on religious belief in souls, an afterlife, or animistic spirits. Finally, the last section of this chapter will discuss practical consequences of dualistic beliefs, focusing on their relation to health behavior, dissociative disorders, lay belief in free will, and processes related to the perceived inaccessibility of minds.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychology, Yale University, 2 Hillhouse Ave, New Haven, CT, 06520-8205, USA

    Matthias Forstmann

  2. Department of Psychology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany

    Pascal Burgmer

Authors
  1. Matthias Forstmann
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  2. Pascal Burgmer
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Correspondence to Matthias Forstmann .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA

    Claire M. Zedelius

  2. Behavioural Science Institute, Radboud University, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Barbara C. N. Müller

  3. Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, California, USA

    Jonathan W. Schooler

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Forstmann, M., Burgmer, P. (2017). Antecedents, Manifestations, and Consequences of Belief in Mind–Body Dualism. In: Zedelius, C., Müller, B., Schooler, J. (eds) The Science of Lay Theories. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57306-9_8

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