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Engineering Organoid Systems to Model Health and Disease

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Book cover Cell Therapy

Part of the book series: Molecular and Translational Medicine ((MOLEMED))

Abstract

Much of the in vitro study of organs relies on responses from monolayers composed of one or more cell types; however, in many cases, this simplistic modeling of the organ system does not replicate how cells behave in vivo in the context of their organ and organism. While many useful cell characteristics can be deduced from 2D cell cultures, a full understanding of organ systems and biology requires studying cells in the context of their native environment. Traditionally, animal models have fulfilled this role; however, in the past decade, techniques and technologies to grow 3D tissue organoids in culture have been developed as an intermediate or replacement for in vivo studies. In this chapter, we review the genesis of organoid culture systems and provide an in-depth view of several fields that have been significantly impacted by organoid technology. Finally, we summarize emerging applications of organoids in modeling health and disease, treating patients, and discovering novel pharmaceuticals.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, FOE Diabetes Research Center, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 3336 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    James A. Ankrum Ph.D. & Alexander J. Brown B.S.E.

  2. Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M University Health Science Center, 702 SW H.K. Dodgen Loop, Temple, TX, 76504, USA

    Thomas J. Bartosh Ph.D.

  3. Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, 02115, USA

    Xiaolei Yin Ph.D.

  4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1402 Seaman’s Center, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Anthony J. Burand Jr B.S., B.A.

  5. Department of Biomedical Engineering, 3336 PBDB, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA, 52242, USA

    Lauren Boland B.A.

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  1. James A. Ankrum Ph.D.
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  3. Xiaolei Yin Ph.D.
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    Dwaine F. Emerich

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    Gorka Orive

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Ankrum, J.A., Bartosh, T.J., Yin, X., J. Brown, A., Burand, A.J., Boland, L. (2017). Engineering Organoid Systems to Model Health and Disease. In: Emerich, D., Orive, G. (eds) Cell Therapy. Molecular and Translational Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57153-9_10

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