Abstract
One of the characteristics of semiconductor lasers that is different from other lasers is the direct pump modulation. The disturbance to the injection current is an additional degree of freedom. Therefore, the disturbance to the injection current induces instabilities to semiconductor lasers, and instabilities and chaotic behaviors are indeed observed by the injection current modulation. Another example of disturbances to the injection current is optoelectronic feedback, in which the output from the laser is once detected by a photodetector and, then, the detected photocurrent is fed back into the injection current. A typical feature of instabilities induced by disturbances to the injection current is the regular and irregular pulsations in the laser output. In this chapter, we discuss instabilities and chaotic dynamics of optoelectronic feedback and injection current modulation in semiconductor lasers.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsReferences
F.T. Arecchi, R. Meucci, G.P. Puccioni, J.R. Tredicce, Experimental evidence of subharmonic bifurcations, multistability, and turbulence in a Q-switched gas laser. Phys. Rev. Lett. 49, 1217–1220 (1982)
S. Bennett, C.M. Snowden, S. Iezekiel, Nonlinear dynamics in directly modulated multiple quantum-well laser diodes. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 33, 2076–2083 (1997)
Y.C. Chen, H.G. Winful, J.M. Liu, Subharmonic bifurcations and irregular pulsing behavior of modulated semiconductor lasers. Appl. Phys. Lett. 47, 208–210 (1985)
T.C. Damen, M.A. Duguay, Optoelectronic regenerative pulser. Electron. Lett. 16, 166–167 (1980)
D.F.G. Gallagher, I.H. White, J.E. Carroll, R.G. Plumb, Gigabit pulse position bistability in semiconductor lasers. J. Lightwave Technol. 5, 1391–1398 (1987)
G. Giacomelli, M. Calzavara, F.T. Arecchi, Instabilities in a semiconductor laser with delayed optoelectronic feedback. Opt. Commun. 74, 97–101 (1989)
H.M. Gibbs, Optical Bistability: Controlling Light with Light (Academic Press, New York, 1985)
T. Gilbert, R.W. Gammon, Stable oscillations and devil’s staircase in the van der Pol oscillator. J. Bifurcation. Chaos 10, 155–164 (2000)
J.P. Goedgebuer, L. Larger, H. Porte, F. Delorme, Chaos in wavelength with a feedback tunable laser diode. Phys. Rev. E 57, 2795–2798 (1998a)
J.P. Goedgebuer, L. Larger, H. Porte, Optical cryptosystem based on synchronization of hyperchaos generated by a delayed feedback tunable laser diode. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2249–2252 (1998b)
J.P. Goedgebuer, P. Levy, L. Larger, C.C. Chen, W.T. Rhodes, Optical communication with synchronized hyperchaos generated electrooptically. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 38, 1178–1183 (2002)
E.V. Grigorieva, H. Haken, S.A. Kaschenko, Theory of quasi-periodicity in model of lasers with delayed optoelectronic feedback. Opt. Commun. 165, 279–292 (1999)
H. Inaba, Optical Devices and Fibers (North-Holland, Amsterdam, 1982)
W. Harth, Large signal direct modulation of injection lasers. Electron. Lett. 9, 532–533 (1973)
H. Hemery, L. Chusseau, J.M. Lourtioz, Dynamic behaviors of semiconductor lasers under strong sinusoidal current modulation: modeling and experiments at 1.3 μm. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 26, 633–641 (1990)
Y. Hori, H. Serizawa, H. Sato, Chaos in directly modulated semiconductor lasers. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 5, 1128–1133 (1988)
H. Ito, H. Yokoyama, S. Murata, H. Inaba, Generation of picosecond optical pulses with highly RF modulated AlGaAs DH laser. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 17, 663–670 (1981)
Y.H. Kao, H.T. Lin, Virtual Hopf precursor of period-doubling route in directly modulated semiconductor lasers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 1617–1623 (1993)
Y.H. Kao, C.H. Tsai, C.S. Wang, Observation of bifurcation structure in a rf driven semiconductor laser using an electronic simulator. Rev. Sci. Instrum. 63, 75–79 (1992)
W. Klische, H.R. Telle, C.O. Weiss, Chaos in a solid-state laser with a periodically modulated pump. Opt. Lett. 9, 561–563 (1984)
H. Kressel, J.K. Butler, Semiconductor Lasers and Hetero-Junction LEDs (Academic Press, New York, 1977)
K. Kusumoto, J. Ohtsubo, 1.5-GHz message transmission based on synchronization of chaos in semiconductor lasers. Opt. Lett. 27, 989–991 (2002)
L. Larger, J.P. Goedgebuer, J.M. Merolla, Chaotic oscillator in wavelength: A new setup for investigating differential difference equations describing nonlinear dynamics. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 34, 594–601 (1998a)
L. Larger, J.P. Goedgebuer, F. Delorme, Optical encryption system using hyperchaos generated by an optoelectronic wavelength oscillator. Phys. Rev. E 57, 6618–6624 (1998b)
J.S. Lawrence, D.M. Kane, Injection locking suppression of coherence collapse in a diode laser with optical feedback. Opt. Commun. 167, 273–282 (1999)
J.S. Lawrence, D.M. Kane, Nonlinear dynamics of a laser diode with optical feedback systems subject to modulation. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 38, 185–192 (2002)
C.H. Lee, S.Y. Shin, Transformation of rate equations and approximate transient solutions for semiconductor lasers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 878–884 (1989)
C.H. Lee, S.Y. Shin, Self-pulsing spectral bistability, and chaos in a semiconductor laser diode with optoelectronic feedback. Appl. Phys. Lett. 62, 922–924 (1993)
C.H. Lee, T.H. Yoon, Y. Shin, Period doubling and chaos in a directly modulated laser diode. Appl. Phys. Lett. 46, 95–97 (1985)
C.H. Lee, S.Y. Shin, S.Y. Lee, Optical short-pulse generation using diode laser with negative optoelectronic feedback. Opt. Lett. 13, 464–466 (1988)
F.Y. Lin, J.M. Liu, Nonlinear dynamics of a semiconductor laser with delayed negative optoelectronic feedback. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 39, 562–568 (2003a)
F.Y. Lin, J.M. Liu, Nonlinear dynamical characteristics of an optically injected semiconductor laser subject to optoelectronic feedback. Opt. Commun. 221, 173–180 (2003b)
H.F. Liu, W.F. Ngai, Nonlinear dynamics of a directly modulated 1.55 μm InGaAsP distributed feedback semiconductor laser. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 29, 1668–1675 (1993)
J.M. Liu, H.F. Chen, X.J. Meng, T.B. Simpson, Modulation bandwidth noise, and stability of semiconductor laser subjected to strong injection locking. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 9, 1325–1327 (1997)
N.A. Loiko, A.M. Samson, Possible regimes of generation of a semiconductor laser with a delayed optoelectronic feedback. Opt. Commun. 93, 66–72 (1992)
A.J. Lucero, R.W. Tkach, R.M. Derosier, Distortion of the frequency modulation spectra of semiconductor lasers by weak optical feedback. Electron. Lett. 24, 337–339 (1988)
J. O’Gorman, B.J. Hawdon, J. Hegarty, Frequency locking and quasiperiodicity in a modulated external cavity injection lasers. J. Appl. Phys. 66, 57–60 (1989)
M. Ohtsu, Frequency Control of Semiconductor Lasers (Wiley-Interscience, New York, 1996)
T.L. Paoli, Optical response of a stripe-geometry junction laser to sinusoidal current modulation at 1.2 GHz. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 17, 675–680 (1981)
P. Paulus, R. Langenhorst, D. Jäger, Stable pulsations of semiconductor lasers by optoelectronic feedback with avalanche photodiodes. Electron. Lett. 23, 471–472 (1987)
M.W. Phillips, H. Gong, A.I. Ferguson, D.C. Hanna, Optical chaos and hysteresis in a laser-diode pumped Nd-doped fibre laser. Opt. Commun. 61, 215–218 (1987)
D. Pieroux, T. Erneux, K. Otsuka, Minimal model of class-B laser with delayed feedback: cascading branching of periodic solutions and period-doubling bifurcation. Phys. Rev. A 50, 1822–1829 (1994)
A. Ritter, H. Haug, Theory of laser diodes with weak optical feedback: 1. small-signal analysis and side-mode spectra. J. Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 130–114 (1993a)
A. Ritter, H. Haug, Theory of laser diodes with weak optical feedback: 2. limit-cycle behavior, quasi-periodicity, frequency locking, and route to chaos. J Opt. Soc. Am. B 10, 145–154 (1993b)
A. Schremer, T. Fujita, C.F. Lin, C.L. Tang, Instability threshold resonances in directly modulated external-cavity semiconductor lasers. Appl. Phys. Lett. 52, 263–265 (1988)
D. Siemsen, Observation of inherent oscillations and subharmonic resonances in the light output GaAs DH lasers. Int. J. Electron. 45, 63–67 (1978)
T.B. Simpson, J.M. Liu, A. Gavrielides, V. Kovanis, P.M. Alsing, Period-doubling route to chaos in a semiconductor laser subject to optical injection. Appl. Phys. Lett. 64, 3539–3541 (1994)
T.B. Simpson, J.M. Liu, A. Gavrielides, Bandwidth enhancement and broadband noise reduction in injection-locked semiconductor lasers. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 7, 709–911 (1995)
T.B. Simpson, J.M. Liu, K.F. Huang, K. Tai, Nonlinear dynamics induced by external optical injection in semiconductor lasers. Quantum Semiclass. Opt. 9, 765–784 (1997)
P.S. Spencer, D.M. Kane, K.A. Shore, Coupled-cavity effects in FM semiconductor lasers. J. Lightwave Technol. 17, 1072–1078 (1999)
S. Tang, J.M. Liu, Synchronization of high-frequency chaotic optical pulses. Opt. Lett. 26, 596–598 (2001a)
S. Tang, J.M. Liu, Chaotic pulsing and quasi-periodic route to chaos in a semiconductor laser with delayed opto-electronic feedback. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 37, 329–336 (2001b)
J.P. van der Ziel, Mode locking of semiconductor lasers, in Semiconductors and Semimetals, vol. 22, Part B, ed. by W.T. Tsang (Academic, Orlando, 1985)
T.H. Yoon, C.H. Lee, S.Y. Shin, Perturbation analysis of bistable and period doubling bifurcation in directly-modulated laser diodes. IEEE J. Quantum Electron. 25, 1993–2000 (1989)
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2017 Springer International Publishing AG
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Ohtsubo, J. (2017). Dynamics of Semiconductor Lasers with Optoelectronic Feedback and Modulation. In: Semiconductor Lasers. Springer Series in Optical Sciences, vol 111. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56138-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56138-7_7
Published:
Publisher Name: Springer, Cham
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-56137-0
Online ISBN: 978-3-319-56138-7
eBook Packages: Physics and AstronomyPhysics and Astronomy (R0)