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Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Human Cancer pp 155–176Cite as

First-Generation Tumor Xenografts: A Link Between Patient-Derived Xenograft Models and Clinical Disease

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Part of the book series: Molecular and Translational Medicine ((MOLEMED))

Abstract

First-generation tumor xenografts, also called primary xenografts, are patient-derived tumor xenografts (PDXs) in the initial human-to-mouse generation harboring tumor tissues directly derived from patients. Compared to transplantable PDX models established via serial passaging, the first-generation xenografts are advantageous in several aspects, such as shorter engraftment time and better retention of intra-tumoral heterogeneity and tumor microenvironment of the original patients’ tumor tissues. Although first-generation xenografts have not been widely used or well characterized, an increasing amount of evidence suggests that they provide valuable tools for fulfilling real-time personalized drug testing, improving predictive powers of in vivo preclinical models in anticancer drug discovery and development, and studying cancer-stromal interactions in the context of an intact human cancer tissue microenvironment. In this chapter, we review the current comprehension of first-generation xenografts and their potential applications in contemporary preclinical cancer research and management of the disease.

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Abbreviations

ECM:

Extracellular matrix

NSCLC:

Non-small cell lung cancer

PCa:

Prostate cancer

PDX:

Patient-derived xenograft

S.C.:

Subcutaneous

SRC:

Subrenal capsule

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Acknowledgments

We thank Drs. Dong Lin and Hui Xue at the Living Tumor Laboratory (www.livingtumorlab.com) for their original inputs and suggestions. This study was supported by Dr. Yuzhuo Wang’s grants from the Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Terry Fox Research Institute, BC Cancer Foundation, Prostate Cancer Canada, and Princess Margaret Hold’em for Life.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Living Tumor Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency/Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Xin Dong & Peter W. Gout

  2. Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC, Canada

    Peter W. Gout

  3. Department of Urology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Zhongnan University, Changsha, China

    Lu Yi & Yinhuai Wang

  4. Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China

    Yong Xu & Kuo Yang

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  1. Xin Dong
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  3. Lu Yi
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  5. Yong Xu
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  6. Kuo Yang
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Correspondence to Xin Dong .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Urologic Sciences, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Yuzhuo Wang

  2. Department of Experimental Therapeutics, BC Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Dong Lin

  3. Living Tumor Laboratory, BC Cancer Agency/Vancouver Prostate Centre, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada

    Peter W. Gout

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Dong, X., Gout, P.W., Yi, L., Wang, Y., Xu, Y., Yang, K. (2017). First-Generation Tumor Xenografts: A Link Between Patient-Derived Xenograft Models and Clinical Disease. In: Wang, Y., Lin, D., Gout, P. (eds) Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Human Cancer . Molecular and Translational Medicine. Humana Press, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55825-7_11

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