Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Introduction

  • Chapter
  • First Online:
Book cover Reintegration Strategies

Part of the book series: Migration, Diasporas and Citizenship ((MDC))

  • 402 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter provides an overview of the return and reintegration literature, an introduction to the use of reintegration in this study and the reintegration strategy approach, and an overview of the methods used in this study and the case study of Ethiopia. Through a critical analysis of reintegration, it is arguing that a new definition of reintegration is needed to understand this process. Applying key lessons from the integration literature, this chapter puts forth a new definition of reintegration. Building on this definition, the reintegration strategies approach is introduced and discussed in further detail in the next chapter. The second key element of this chapter introduces the case study of Ethiopia and the key analytical groups used in this study of professionals, domestics, and students.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 99.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 129.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

References

  • Allen, T., & Morsink, H. (1994). Introduction: When refugees go home. Geneva: UNRISD.

    Google Scholar 

  • Alquezar Sabadie, J., Avato, J., Bardak, U., Panzica, F., & Popova, N. (2010). Migration and skills: The experiences of migrant workers from Albania, Egypt, Moldova, and Tunisia. Washington, DC: The World Bank.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  • Ammassari, S. (2009). Migration and development: Factoring return into the equation. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Anbesse, B., Hanlon, C., Alem, A., Packer, S., & Whitley, R. (2009). Migration and mental health: A study of low-income Ethiopian women working in middle eastern countries. International Journal of Social Psychiatry, 55(6), 557–568.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Asis, M. (2005). Recent trends in international migration in Asia and the Pacific. Asia Pacific Population Journal, 20(3), 15–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berry, J. W. (1997). Immigration, acculturation, and adaptation. Applied Psychology: An International Review, 46(1), 1–68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bovenkerk, F. (1974). The sociology of return migration: A bibliographic essay. The Hague: Nijhoff.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carling, J. (2004). Emigration, return and development in Cape Verde: The impact of closing borders. Population, Space and Place, 10(2), 113–132.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cassarino, J. P. (2008). Return migrants to the Maghreb, reintegration and development challenges. San Domenico di Fiesole: European University Institute (EUI), Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S., & Miller, M. (2009). The age of migration. London: Palgrave MacMillan.

    Google Scholar 

  • Castles, S., Korac, M., Vasta, E., & Vertovec, S. (2003). Integration: Mapping the field. UK Government Web Archive. Retrieved from webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20110218135832/http:/rds…/rdsolr2803.doc.

  • Christou, A. (2006). Crossing boundaries—Ethnicizing employment—Gendering labor: Gender, ethnicity and social networks in return migration. Social and Cultural Geography, 7(1), 87–102.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, A. (2004). Restitution of land and property rights. Forced Migration Review, 21, 12–14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gmelch, G. (1980). Return migration. Annual Review of Anthropology, 9, 135–159.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gmelch, G. (2004). West indian migrants and their rediscovery of barbados. In Lynellyn Long & Ellen Oxfeld (Eds.). Coming home? Refugees, Migrants and those who stayed behind. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hammond, L. (1999). Examining the discourse of repatriation: Towards a more proactive theory of return migration. In R. Black & K. Koser (Eds.), The end of the refugee cycle? Refugee repatriation and reconstruction. Oxford: Berghahn Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heckmann, F. (2001). Effectiveness of national integration strategies towards second generation migrant youth in a comparative European perspective. Final Report, University of Bamburg, Bamberg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Horst, H. (2007). You can’t be two places at once: Rethinking transnationalism through Jamaican return migration. Identities, 14(1–2), 63–83.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Kibreab, G. (2003). Citizenship rights and repatriation of refugees. International Migration Review, 37(1), 24–73.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • King, R. (1986). Return migration and regional economic development: An overview. In R. King (Ed.), Return migration and regional economic problems. London: Croom Helm Ltd.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, R. (2000). Generalizations from the history of return migration. In Return migration: Journey of hope or despair. Geneva: IOM.

    Google Scholar 

  • Koser, K., & Black, R. (1999). The end of the refugee cycle? In R. Black & K. Koser (Eds.), The end of the refugee cycle? Refugee repatriation and reconstruction. New York: Berghahn Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kuschminder, K., Andersson, L., & Siegel, M. (2012). Profiling Ethiopian migration: A comparison of characteristics of Ethiopian migrants to Africa, the Middle East and the North. In C. U. Rodrigues (Ed.), Crossing African borders: Migration and mobility. Lisbon: Center of African Studies (CEA), ISCTE-IUL, University Institute of Lisbon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levitt, P., & Merry, S. (2009). Vernacularization on the ground: Local uses of global women’s rights in the Peru, China, India, and the United States. Global Networks, 9(4), 441–461.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lippman, B., & Malik, S. (2004). The 4Rs: The way ahead? Forced Migration Review, 21, 9–11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oeppen, C. (2012, September 4–5). Transnationalism after return: Afghan returnees from the UK and Norway in Kabul. Paper presented at workshop on Return Migration and Transnationalism: Alternatives or complements? Peace Research Institute of Oslo (PRIO), Oslo, Norway.

    Google Scholar 

  • Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development. (2010). The contribution of diaspora return to post-conflict and fragile countries.Retrieved November 28, 2011, from http://www.oecd.org/pages/0,3417,en_39406396_39407473_1_1_1_1_1,00.html.

  • Riiskjaer, M. H. B., & Nielsson, T. (2008). Circular repatriation: The unsuccessful return and reintegration of Iraqis with refugee status in Denmark. New issues in refugee research paper no. 165. Geneva: UNHCR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rogge, J. (1994). Repatriation of refugees. In T. Allen & H. Morsink (Eds.), When refugees go home. Geneva: United Nations Research Institute for Social Development.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schuster, L., & Majidi, N. (2013). What happens post-deportation? The experience of deported Afghans. Migration Studies, 1(2), 221–240.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stefansson, A. (2004). Sarajevo suffering: Homecoming and the hierarchy of homeland hardship. In F. Markowitz & A. Stefansson (Eds.), Homecomings: Unsettling paths of return. Lanham, MD: Lexington Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stefannson, A. (2006). Homes in the making: Property restitution, refugee return, and senses of belonging in a post-war Bosnian town. International Migration, 44(3), 115–139.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Terrazas, A. (2010). Connected through service: Diaspora volunteers and global development. Washington, DC: Migration Policy Institute and USAID.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas-Hope, E. (1999). Return Migration to Jamaica and its Development Potential. International Migration, 37 (1), 183–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • UN DESA. (1998). Recommendations on Statistics of International Migration Revision 1. United Nations: New York Available at: https://unstats.un.org/unsd/publication/SeriesM/SeriesM_58rev1E.pdf. Accessed 19 Aug 2013.

  • UNDP. (2013). Gender Inequality Index. http://hdrstats.undp.org/en/indicators/68606.html. Accessed 19 Aug 2013.

  • UNDP (United Nations Development Programme). (2016). Gender inequality index. http://hdr.undp.org/en/composite/GII.

  • UNHCR. (1996). Handbook Voluntary Repatriation: International Protection. Geneva: UNHCR

    Google Scholar 

  • UNHCR. (2004). Handbook for repatriation and reintegration activities. Geneva: UNHCR.

    Google Scholar 

  • Waldinger, R. (1993). The ethnic enclave debate revisited. International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 17(3), 444–452.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Webber, F. (2011). How voluntary are voluntary returns? Race and Class, 54(4), 98–107.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Weiss, R. S. (1995). Learning from strangers: The art and method of qualitative interview studies. New York: Simon and Schuster Publishing.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilson, K., & Portes, A. (1980). Immigrant enclaves: An analysis of the labor market experience of Cubans in Miami. American Journal of Sociology, 88, 295–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Global Governance Program, European University Institute, Florence, Italy

    Katie Kuschminder

  2. Robert Schuman Centre for Advanced Studies, Affiliated Researcher Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands

    Katie Kuschminder

Authors
  1. Katie Kuschminder
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Katie Kuschminder .

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2017 The Author(s)

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Kuschminder, K. (2017). Introduction. In: Reintegration Strategies. Migration, Diasporas and Citizenship. Palgrave Macmillan, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55741-0_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55741-0_1

  • Published:

  • Publisher Name: Palgrave Macmillan, Cham

  • Print ISBN: 978-3-319-55740-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55741-0

  • eBook Packages: Social SciencesSocial Sciences (R0)

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation