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Pollutant Decontamination from Water: Role of Nanocomposite Materials

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Enhancing Cleanup of Environmental Pollutants

Abstract

Rapid industrialization, urbanization, population growth, and climate change are responsible for contamination and depletion of water resources. Scarcity of fresh and pure water is considered as a biggest threat to human and animal life. For the last two decades, water purification technologies are gaining more and more attention of the public and governmental bodies. Researchers around the globe are focusing on nanotechnology-based water purification/treatment systems for efficient and effective decontamination of water bodies. Nanoscale composite materials have a huge potential to decontaminate water in several ways, due to their high surface area, excellent mechanical strength, high chemical reactivity, and cost-effectiveness. Nanoscale materials are able to remove bacteria, viruses, and inorganic and organic materials from wastewater due to specific binding action (chelation, absorption, ion exchange). A number of nanocomposite materials are playing active role in water purification, for example, metal nanoparticles, bioactive nanoparticles, nanosorbents, nanocatalysts, nanomembranes, carbon nanotubes, many other nanoforms, etc. This chapter discusses the application of different nanocomposite materials in the treatment of wastewater along with their mechanistic approach.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to all researchers working in the area of nanotechnology and its application to environment protection. Authors also gratefully acknowledged the Centre of Excellence in Environmental Studies (CEES), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, and Ministry of Higher Education of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202002, UP, India

    Mohammad Zain Khan

  2. Department of Biochemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology IIT Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, 110016, India

    Mohammad Shahadat & Zia Ahmad Shaikh

  3. Centre for Excellence in Environmental Studies, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia

    Huda A. Qari, Iqbal I. M. Ismail & Mohammad Oves

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  1. Mohammad Zain Khan
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  2. Mohammad Shahadat
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  3. Huda A. Qari
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  4. Iqbal I. M. Ismail
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  5. Zia Ahmad Shaikh
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  6. Mohammad Oves
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Correspondence to Mohammad Oves .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal

    Naser A. Anjum

  2. Stress Physiology and Molecular Biology Laboratory Centre for Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India

    Sarvajeet Singh Gill

  3. Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University, Noida, India

    Narendra Tuteja

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Khan, M.Z., Shahadat, M., Qari, H.A., Ismail, I.I.M., Shaikh, Z.A., Oves, M. (2017). Pollutant Decontamination from Water: Role of Nanocomposite Materials. In: Anjum, N., Gill, S., Tuteja, N. (eds) Enhancing Cleanup of Environmental Pollutants. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55423-5_5

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