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Smart Sensors at the IoT Frontier pp 9–21Cite as

Energy-Autonomous Supply-Sensing Biosensor Platform Using CMOS Electronics and Biofuel Cells

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Abstract

This chapter proposes and presents an energy-autonomous supply-sensing biosensor platform using CMOS electronics and biofuel cells. The proposed supply-sensing biosensor platform is based on biofuel cells and a 0.23-V 0.25-μm zero-V th all-digital CMOS supply-controlled ring oscillator (SCRO) with a current-driven pulse-interval-modulated inductive-coupling transmitter. The fully digital, and current-driven architecture, uses zero-V th transistors, which enables low-voltage operation and a small footprint, even in a cost-competitive legacy CMOS. This enables converterless energy-autonomous operation using a biofuel cell, which is ideal for disposable healthcare applications. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed platform, a test chip was fabricated using 0.25-μm CMOS technology. The experimental results successfully demonstrate operation with a 0.23-V supply, which is the lowest supply voltage reported for proximity transmitters. An energy-autonomous biosensing operation using organic biofuel cells was also successfully demonstrated.

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Acknowledgments

This research was financially supported by JST, PRESTO, by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (S) (Nos. 20226009, 25220906, 26220801), Grants-in-Aid for Young Scientists (A) (No. 16H06088) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan, by the Strategic Information and Communications R&D Promotion Programme (Nos. 121806006, 152106004) of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications, Japan, by TOYOTA RIKEN, and by The Nitto Foundation. The fabrication of CMOS chips was supported by Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd. (TSMC, Taiwan), and the VLSI Design and Education Center (VDEC), University of Tokyo in collaboration with Synopsys, Inc. and Cadence Design Systems, Inc.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Nagoya University, C3-1(631), Furo-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8603, Japan

    Kiichi Niitsu

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  1. Kiichi Niitsu
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Correspondence to Kiichi Niitsu .

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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan

    Hiroto Yasuura

  2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, Korea (Republic of)

    Chong-Min Kyung

  3. Circuits and Systems Division, Tsinghua University, Beijing, Beijing, China

    Yongpan Liu

  4. National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan, Taiwan

    Youn-Long Lin

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Niitsu, K. (2017). Energy-Autonomous Supply-Sensing Biosensor Platform Using CMOS Electronics and Biofuel Cells. In: Yasuura, H., Kyung, CM., Liu, Y., Lin, YL. (eds) Smart Sensors at the IoT Frontier . Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55345-0_2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55345-0_2

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  • Online ISBN: 978-3-319-55345-0

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