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Notes
- 1.
Years of birth and death are taken from en.wikipedia.org.
- 2.
J.C. Maxwell analyzed the roots of polynomials to have negative real parts; however, he was not able to formulate a general result. This was achieved nine years later by Edward John Routh (1831–1907) in 1877 [284].
- 3.
The term “servomechanism” was coined by the military while analyzing the problem of positioning a gun for aiming at the target [336, 337]. Later “servomechanism” became a description for the ability of feedback control systems to simultaneously track reference signals and reject disturbances, known as the servo (mechanism) problem (see [97]).
- 4.
It was severely discussed if gain scheduling is an adaptive controller or not. In view of the informal definition, gain scheduling is clearly an adaptive controller [22, p. 19].
- 5.
In [20], the authors avoided the use of the term “adaptive” for their controller, since the plant parameters were assumed constant but unknown (not varying). However, in the notion of the above definition, self-tuning regulators are also adaptive controllers.
- 6.
STR and (indirect) MRAC [184, Sect. 1.2.4] are nowadays considered as equivalent [22, p. ix].
- 7.
First French translation in 1907: “Problème Géneral de la Stabilité de Mouvement” in Annales de la Faculté des Sciences de l’Université de Toulouse, Vol. 9, pp. 203–474. Reprinted by Princeton University Press in 1949. First English book in 1966 [231], modern translation in [232] with biography and bibliography of A.M. Lyapunov.
- 8.
The idea of neglecting uncertainties and using estimated values of system parameters as true values (for controller design) was introduced in [311] as “certainty equivalence method”.
- 9.
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Hackl, C.M. (2017). Brief Historical Overview of Control Systems, Mechatronics and Motion Control. In: Non-identifier Based Adaptive Control in Mechatronics. Lecture Notes in Control and Information Sciences, vol 466. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-55036-7_2
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