Abstract
The model of Ptolemy treated the celestial bodies as mathematical points and their trajectories as lines and curves. Aristotle gave the description of the physical structure of the Universe, proposing that the Earth was made of earth, water, air and fire and the celestial objects were made of ether. The rise of Christianity led to the marriage of the world views of the Bible with those of Aristotle and Ptolemy, producing a consistent hierarchy of the structure of the Universe from Hell at the center of the Earth to Heaven beyond the sphere of fixed stars.
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Kwok, S. (2017). Cosmology According to Aristotle. In: Our Place in the Universe. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54172-3_14
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-54172-3_14
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